Anisakis simplex (Nematoda: Anisakidae) third-stage larval infections of marine cage cultured cobia, Rachycentron canadum L., in Taiwan
Journal
Veterinary Parasitology
Pages
277-285
Date Issued
2010
Date
2010
Author(s)
Abstract
The first confirmed case of Anisakis simplex infection of the marine cage cobia, Rachycentron canadum (L.), was recorded in Taiwan. The case investigation revealed the presence of third-stage larvae (L3) in either the stomach lumen or abdominal cavity of the cobia but never within the musculatures. Larvae were mainly encapsulated in the peritoneal mesentery on the outer surface of the stomach wall and occasionally on the liver surface. Part of the diet fed to the cobia includes chopped raw fish, and of these, seven species were found to harbor these larvae (as paratenic hosts), indicating that these particular fish might be the larval sources for this infection. To illustrate the course of infection and distribution of this parasite inside cobia, both juvenile and adult cobia were experimentally infected with live L3 by oral transmission. The prevalence of infection reached 100% at the end of all trials. The course of the infection was assessed after necropsy by histological and ultrastructural observations. A. simplex L3 recovered from various locations within juvenile cobia at different post-infection (p.i.) times were at the L3 stage and did not grow significantly. The L3 either adhered to or penetrated into the gastric mucosa of cobia by 2. h p.i. By 25. d p.i., many were trapped within the submucosa and encapsulated by fibroconnective tissue. This phenomenon was more apparent in adult cobia, such that 37.5-86.0% of the injected L3 were primarily found encapsulated within the gastric submucosa. Based upon a PCR-RFLP assay, the larvae encountered in this study were identified as having a recombinant genotype of A. simplex sensu stricto and A. pegreffii. Based upon the results of this study, strategies to ensure the safety of seafood manufactured from cobia and to prevent the potential risks of anisakiasis or allergies risk to consumers were suggested. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Subjects
Anisakis simplex; Cage farm; Cobia; Rachycentron canadum; Third-stage larvae
Other Subjects
animal experiment; animal food; animal tissue; anisakiasis; Anisakis; article; cobia; controlled study; fish; fish disease; food safety; genotype; histopathology; infection risk; juvenile animal; mesentery; microfilaria (nematode larva); nonhuman; parasite transmission; peritoneal cavity; pisciculture; public health; risk reduction; stomach mucosa; submucosa; Taiwan; tissue distribution; Animal Feed; Animals; Anisakiasis; Anisakis; Aquaculture; Fish Diseases; Fishes; Food Parasitology; Taiwan; Anisakidae; Anisakis simplex; Nematoda; Rachycentron canadum
Type
journal article
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