Adipose-derived stem cells enhance wound healing in a diabetic rat model
Date Issued
2010
Date
2010
Author(s)
Wu, Yi-Chia
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the 4th leading cause of death in Taiwan. The prevalence rate of DM in those who are over 40 year-old persons was 11 to 13 percent. Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the most common complications among DM patients. It account for 25% hospitalization in Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. Impaired wound healing in DM patients is related to DM neuropathy, macroangiopathy, microangiopathy, and dysfunctioned macrophages.
Recently, research in the field of vasculogenesis had revealed that bone marrow- derived endothelial progenitor cells are mobilized in response to injury, migrate to distant healing wounds. Although the number of progenitor cells contained within the bone marrow niche in diabetic animals was found to be normal, their mobilization into the circulation and homing to peripheral sites of injury were severely impaired. Thus, we implant the adipose- derived stem cells (ADSCs) locally to promote wound healing.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are referred as stromal progenitor cells, are self-renewing and expandable stem cells. They can differentiate into adipocyte, chondrocyte, and osteoblast. They can also secrete many cytokines. Thus, MSCs play an important role in regenerative medicine, including the wound healing model. The reasons that we choice ADSCs are easily accessibility, low donor site morbidity, high yielding rate of the stem cells, and good quality.
We performed autologous ADSCs implantation intradermally to enhance wound healing in streptozotocin (STZ)- induced DM rats with a full-thickness excisional wound model. We injected 1x106/cc ADSCs which were labeled with Quantum Dot(QD) 655 intradermly around the wounds. We injected phosphate-buffered saline or took non- injection wounds as comparative controls. We recorded the wound condition and calculated wound closure percentage. Wounds were harvested at day five and day seven and then processed, sectioned, stained (H&E and CD31) and observed by microscope and confocal microscope.
ADSCs- treated wounds exhibited significantly accelerated wound closure percentage, with increased re-epithelialization, wound maturation, and angiogenesis. There are no statistically significant findings in a normal rat wound model except for an increased wound healing percentage in ADSCs-treated group on day seven. We also observed that ADSCs differentiated into endothelial cells. The ADSCs aggregated around hair follicles and capillary in adjacent normal skin.
In this study, ADSCs accelerated wound healing via angiogenesis, ADSCs differentiation and migration in a STZ-induced DM rat wound model. We need more studies to understand the role of stem cells in wound healing process.
Subjects
Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)
Wound healing
Streptozotocin-induced DM rat
SDGs
Type
thesis
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