MicroRNA and pathogenesis of enterovirus infection
Journal
Viruses
Journal Volume
8
Journal Issue
1
Date Issued
2016
Author(s)
Abstract
There are no currently available specific antiviral therapies for non-polio Enterovirus infections. Although several vaccines have entered clinical trials, the efficacy requires further evaluation, particularly for cross-strain protective activity. Curing patients with viral infections is a public health problem due to antigen alterations and drug resistance caused by the high genomic mutation rate. To conquer these limits in the development of anti-Enterovirus treatments, a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between Enterovirus and host cells is urgently needed. MicroRNA (miRNA) constitutes the biggest family of gene regulators in mammalian cells and regulates almost a half of all human genes. The roles of miRNAs in Enterovirus pathogenesis have recently begun to be noted. In this review, we shed light on recent advances in the understanding of Enterovirus infection-modulated miRNAs. The impacts of altered host miRNAs on cellular processes, including immune escape, apoptosis, signal transduction, shutdown of host protein synthesis and viral replication, are discussed. Finally, miRNA-based medication provides a promising strategy for the development of antiviral therapy. ? 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
SDGs
Other Subjects
beta catenin; beta interferon; cyclin D1; cyclooxygenase 2; cytidine phosphate; epidermal growth factor receptor; fibroblast growth factor; gamma interferon; gap junction protein; interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1; interleukin 29; Janus kinase; microRNA; microRNA 126; microRNA 146a; microRNA 155; mitogen activated protein kinase; mitogen activated protein kinase 3; polyadenylic acid binding protein; prostaglandin E2; reactive oxygen metabolite; sprouty protein; toll like receptor; transcription factor RelA; tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6; microRNA; apoptosis; cell proliferation; Coxsackievirus B3; down regulation; Enterovirus infection; gene inactivation; heart muscle cell; Hepatitis C virus; human; immune response; microarray analysis; myocarditis; natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; nonhuman; pathogenesis; protein expression; protein synthesis inhibition; Review; signal transduction; upregulation; virus replication; animal; Enterovirus; Enterovirus infection; genetics; metabolism; pathogenicity; physiology; virulence; Animals; Enterovirus; Enterovirus Infections; Humans; MicroRNAs; Virulence
Type
review