綠豆象(CALLOSOBRUCHUS CHINENSIS)產卵及交尾行為的適應(2/3)
Date Issued
2000
Date
2000
Author(s)
洪淑彬
DOI
892313B002025
Abstract
Adzuki bean weevil (Callosobruchus
chinensis (L.)) is an important stored product
pest. The ecological condition of the stored
products provides the pest a great opportunity
for population outbreak. It tends to lead
severe larval competition in a bean and
oviposition competition among beans by
females. Females with adaptive behavior are
always selected when resource are limited.
Bruchid females thus developed the ability to
discriminate the quality of hosts (e.g., host
species, sizes, or the number of eggs on the
bean), and prefer to lay eggs on hosts of
higher quality. Besides, females will decrease
their fecundity to reduce cost of reproduction
in a patch with hosts of lower quality.
2
Meanwhile, when males and females emerge
at the same time, the solicitation of males
always causes harassment on females'
oviposition decision. The remating frequency
of the female may change to adapt to both the
quality of hosts and the number of males.
This study will focus on exploring the
generalization and underling mechanism of
those adaptive behaviors.By manipulation of
male density, the adaptations of oviposition
behavior of the females can be evaluated
from calculation the egg dispersion index (m*,
mean crowding), total eggs laid, visitation
time and frequency to the host bean, and
oviposition time, etc. It shows that, the
oviposition time decreases as the male density
increases. But the mean crowding decreases
as the male density increases. Therefore, there
might be some adaptations in the changes of
different oviposition tactics; such as shifting
between two or more oviposition rules or
using mixture rule. These ideas will be
explored in the proceeding research.
Data from recording the behavioral
sequences of this insect can be analyzed to
formulate the oviposition rule. Based on the
oviposition rule, we can explain why the
female may choose largest bean available for
oviposition. In the next experiment, each
female was provided with 64 adzuki beans of
4 different sizes. Numbers of eggs laid on
seeds of different sizes (or weights) were
recorded each day for three days. It shows
that the proportion of 1-egg seeds increased
with increasing size of hosts. Similar result
was obtained from analyzing the proportion
of 1-egg seeds by host weight. Further,
numbers of eggs laid by the female on
different size hosts were predicted by
weighting the seeds weight. The result shows
that there is no significant difference between
observation and the prediction by χ2-test.
Based on the mean weight of the seed with
various eggs on first to third days, it is found
that heavier seeds were accepted to lay eggs
first, while until most of the clean seeds were
laid one egg, heavier 1-egg seeds were
accepted. Therefore, the female may compare
the quality of sequential encountered seeds or
adjusted acceptance probability according to
environmental change in her egg-laying
process.
Publisher
臺北市：國立臺灣大學昆蟲學系暨研究所
Type
report
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