Growth and Nitrogen Composition of Cabbage under High Application Rate of Hog Dung Compost
Other Title
施用高量豬糞堆肥對甘藍生長與氮組成之影響
Journal
臺灣農業化學與食品科學
Journal Volume
44
Journal Volume
44
Journal Issue
4
Journal Issue
4
Pages
263-271
Start Page
263
End Page
271
Date Issued
2006-08
Author(s)
Abstract
To compensate the slow nutrient release characteristic of soil organic matter, a high application rate of organic matter to establish the organic matter concentration of the soil is a common practice in organic farming. In this study, high rates of hog dung compost were applied to measure their effects on the growth, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) uptake, and N composition of different parts of cabbages in field. Treatments consist of a conventional chemical fertilizer control plot and three rates (30, 60, and 120 Mg/ha) of hog dung compost-treated plots. The cabbage was harvested 94 days after transplanting. The dry weight and the concentrations of the total N, P, K, nitrate N (NO3(superscript -)-N), ammonium N (NH4(superscript +)-N) and insoluble N in various parts of the plants were determined. The results showed that there were no significant differences in growth and uptake of N and K for the various treatments. However, the P uptake of the cabbage received compost treatment was significantly higher than that received chemical fertilizer treatment. The NO3(superscript -)-N concentration in the whole plant of the chemical fertilizer-treated plants was the lowest among all treatments. However, there were no significant differences in the NO3(superscript -)-N concentrations of the head among the compost-treated plots. The total N and K concentrations of various parts of the plants were not significantly different among the treatments. However, the P concentrations in the chemical fertilizer-treated plants were lower and that in compost-treated plants increased as the compost rate increased. More than half of the total N in the head was in the form of soluble organic N. In conclusion, the yield at application rate of 30 Mg/ha of compost was equivalent to that of the conventional chemical fertilizer treatment and higher application rate of compost was not necessary for the first time of organic cultivation of cabbage. However, there is no disadvantageous effect on the growth of cabbage even at a single level of 120 Mg/ha of compost.
土壤之有機物需礦化後才能提供作物生長所需之養分，因此，其供應速率不如化學肥料之迅速。實施有機栽培初期，常以一次施用大量有機物，以使土壤之有機物提高，做為養分之來源，同時也可以在短時間內改善土壤之物理與生物性狀。本研究之目的為在田間條件下，探討一次施用高量之豬糞堆肥，對甘藍生長、氮、磷與鉀吸收及氮組成之影響。堆肥之施用量共有三級（30、60與120Mg/ha），以慣行之化學肥料施用為對照。甘藍於移植之後94天採收，分開不同之部位，秤取乾重並分析植物體中之硝酸態氮、銨態氮、不溶性氮、總氮以及磷與鉀濃度。結果顯示，各種處理間之產量、氮與鉀吸收量無顯著差異，但是施用堆肥處理之磷吸收量則顯著高於施用化學肥料者。整株植物體與甘藍球之硝酸態氮濃度以化學肥料處理者顯著較低，然而，不同量之堆肥處理，對植物體中之硝酸態氮濃度無顯著差異之影響。不同處理之甘藍，不同部位之氮與鉀濃度無顯著差異，但是化學肥料處理甘藍之磷濃度則低於堆肥之各處理，而且甘藍之磷濃度因堆肥用量增加而上升。甘藍球中之氮有50%以上為溶解性之有機態氮。對第一次有機栽培甘藍而言，30Mg/ha豬糞堆肥之施用量，可以達到與慣行農法者相同之產量，顯示有機栽培甘藍，第一次施用有機肥料也無須太高量。而甘藍植體中之三要素與硝酸態氮濃度也與施用化學肥料之慣行栽培者無顯著差異。結果也顯示，單次施用120Mg/ha豬糞堆肥對甘藍生長及植體中之三要素濃度並無顯著不利之影響。
Subjects
Cabbage
N composition
N uptake
P uptake
K uptake
Organic farming
甘藍
氮組成
氮吸收
磷吸收
鉀吸收
有機農業
Publisher
臺灣農業化學會
臺灣食品科學技術學會
Type
journal article