Low temperature synthesis of nano-sized lithium manganese oxide powder by the sol-gel process using PVA
Journal
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
Journal Volume
20
Journal Issue
1
Pages
27-34
Date Issued
2001
Author(s)
Saha S.K.
Abstract
Lithium manganese oxide (LiMn 2 O 4 ) powder with spinel structure has been synthesized by a sol-gel method using an aqueous solution of metal nitrates containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The role of PVA and the calcination conditions for the formation of LiMn 2 O 4 have been studied. Homogeneity and reactivity of the precursor powder are enhanced with an increase in the amount of PVA in the starting solution. When the amount of PVA is low, an impurity phase-Mn 2 O 3 is formed at low temperature. On the other hand, when the vinyl alcohol monomer unit of PVA to metal ion ratio is 2:1 in the starting solution, only spinel phase is formed at 180¢XC and organic-free LiMn 2 O 4 powder is obtained at as low as 400¢XC. Nanosized LiMn 2 O 4 particles with a narrow size distribution have been successfully prepared by this technique. This method with proper amount of PVA results in much lower calcination temperature and shorter calcination time for producing the single spinel phase in comparison with the conventional solid state reaction and other solution techniques.
Subjects
LiMn 2 O 4
Lithium-ion battery
Powder
PVA
Sol-gel
Synthesis
Other Subjects
Calcination; Crystal structure; Differential thermal analysis; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Low temperature effects; Nanostructured materials; Particle size analysis; Polyvinyl alcohols; Scanning electron microscopy; Synthesis (chemical); Thermogravimetric analysis; X ray diffraction analysis; Lithium manganese oxide; Sol gel process; Spinel structure; Vinyl alcohol monomer; Lithium compounds
Type
journal article