Research on Internet Access Management by Priority Control and Quota Scheduling
Date Issued
2005
Date
2005
Author(s)
Lin, Tsung-Ching
DOI
en-US
Abstract
Abstract
In a best effort and free of charge or flat-rate Internet access environment, there often exists abusive and unfair usage of network resources. In this thesis, the Internet access by the dormitory users at the National Taiwan University (NTU) serves as a conveyer problem for studying the design methodology to reduce abuse and improve fairness. Although several current network management tools, such as Cisco P-Cube and Packeteer Packet-Shaper, are popular in LAN environments for Internet access management, they are not only costly in installation and maintenance, but also need additional design methodology for effective operation. These deficiencies will be systematically addressed in this thesis.
Based a conceptual framework of quota limitation and priority differentiation, two Internet access control schemes and their corresponding design methodologies are proposed. First, a quota-based priority control (QPC) is developed to resolve the problem of unfair and abusive Internet access encountered in the NTU dormitory networks. The goal is to meet the basic traffic demands of the majority users while limiting abusive usage from ignorant heavy users. Two classes of services are provisioned. The regular class sets a quota on each user’s traffic volume per quota control period. Out-of-profile or possibly abusive traffic is directed to a lower priority service class called the custody service and served when there is an excess bandwidth. The new policy and schemes are implemented on a quality of service (QoS) router, a meter reading server, an accounting server and a web-based service management server with minimal intrusion of user privacy and least disturbance to the existing service offering. The QoS router was designed and implemented by Sun et al, 2000, and the other servers were designed and implemented by Chou et al, 2001. The experimental results show that the original congestion at the bottleneck link was alleviated with a 48.9% reduction of the average packet drop rate. Abusive Internet access by the top 2% heavy users is greatly reduced by 57.82%. Astonishingly, over 91% users are pleased with this new policy and their network usages all increase. This is a win-win result. Under the new policy and implementation, users paying the same amount of service fee are now able to fairly share resources.
Despite the aforementioned successful application of the QPC scheme, its peak-hour performance is unsatisfactory because it does not take the temporal variation of user demands into consideration. We then presents a design methodology for QPC with quota scheduling (QPC/QS) for time-of-the-day Internet access management. All users are given the same quota during each period in a day for regular access of the Internet and may still access at a lower priority when their quota has run out. The goals lie in reducing abuse, alleviating congestion and improving fairness of Internet access during peak hours over a free-of-charge or flat-rate network by exploiting existing network management tools. The quota scheduling scheme aims at inducing part of heavy user’s need from peak hours to off-peak hours.
Our design methodology adopts an empirical data-based modeling approach and consists of the following five modules: 1] conduction of pilot experiment, a simple case of quota scheduling, 2] construction of the user demand model, 3] design of the quota scheduling scheme for smoothing congestion, 4] prediction of network performance and user usages through Monte Carlo simulation and 5] validation by an experiment over a 5000-user production network. Core to this Internet access management is the characterization of user demands with respect to time of day. By exploiting the empirical data and economic properties of user behavior, we model individual user’s volume of transmission as a hyperbolic function of quota. By combining a congestion-based resource allocation approach with a notation of effective bandwidth, a scheduling scheme is designed to determine the quota value for each period. Experimental results, consistent with the prediction by simulation, show that compared to QPC without quota scheduling, the heavy users’ abuse is reduced by at least 83.2% and the peak-hour congestion is improved by at least 32.2%. Therefore, the peak-hour traffic volume generated by majority of users is increased by 365.6%. The fairness is improved by at least 96.9% during peak hours. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the design methodology and the potential of the control scheme for Internet access management over free-of-charge or flat-rate networks. Moreover, our methodology is easily implemented, complementary to emerging network management tools and may cope with network environment changes.
Subjects
配額,排程
優先權
濫用
公平性
網路管理
網路接取
priority
quota
scheduling
abuse
fairness
network management
Internet access
SDGs
Type
thesis
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