Entamoeba histolytica infection in men who have sex with men
Journal
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Journal Volume
12
Journal Issue
9
Pages
729-736
Date Issued
2012
Author(s)
Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica infection (amoebiasis) is the second leading cause of death from parasitic diseases. Epidemiological studies from developed countries have reported an increasing prevalence of amoebiasis and of invasive infections, such as amoebic colitis, among men who have sex with men (MSM) who engage in oral-anal sex. Although most infections with E histolytica are asymptomatic, clinical manifestations of invasive amoebiasis mainly include amoebic colitis and amoebic liver abscess, which are associated with substantial morbidity and medical cost. Laboratory diagnosis of amoebiasis should be based on detection of E histolytica by use of tests with high sensitivity and specificity, such as specific amoebic-antigen or PCR-based assays. Microscopy used in routine clinical laboratories is not sensitive or specific enough for detection of E histolytica. Metronidazole or tinidazole remains the mainstay of treatment for invasive amoebiasis, followed by treatment with luminal agents to prevent relapse and transmission of E histolytica to sexual partners or close contacts. ? 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
SDGs
Other Subjects
diiodohydroxyquin; diloxanide furoate; metronidazole; paromomycin; tinidazole; abdominal pain; abscess drainage; amebiasis; aspiration; bacterium detection; cause of death; counter immunoelectrophoresis; developing country; diagnostic test; diarrhea; disease control; dysentery; empyema; enzyme immunoassay; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; feces culture; fever; giardiasis; health care cost; human; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; indirect haemagglutination; infection rate; infection risk; intestine perforation; laboratory diagnosis; liver amebiasis; male homosexual; microscopy; morbidity; oral sexual contact; patient counseling; penile amoebiasis; peritonitis; pleura effusion; polymerase chain reaction; priority journal; recurrent infection; reinfection; review; risk assessment; sensitivity and specificity; serodiagnosis; seroprevalence; sexually transmitted disease; Antiprotozoal Agents; Dysentery, Amebic; Entamoeba histolytica; Entamoebiasis; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Liver Abscess, Amebic; Male; Metronidazole; Microscopy; Parasitology; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Survival Analysis; Tinidazole
Type
review