stack effects on smoke propagation in subway stations
Resource
Continuum Mech Thermodyn(15),425–440
Journal
Continuum Mech Thermodyn(15),425–440
Pages
-
Date Issued
2003
Date
2003
Author(s)
DOI
20060927121659132121
Abstract
In fires of subway stations, the most immediate threat to passengers’ life is not the
direct exposure to fire, but the smoke inhalation because it contains hot air and toxic gases. To
understand the mechanisms driving the motion of smoke is therefore an important issue of fire
safety, and the stack effect is found to be an important mechanism having significant influence.
In this paper, we compute the three-dimensional smoke flow fields under various fires happened
in a representative subway station of Taipei Rapid Transit System. To clarify the mechanisms
corresponding to the stack effect, a simplified three-dimensional configuration is also considered.
Results indicate that, without mechanical smoke control, the stack effect plays a decisive role and
is virtually the sole factor influencing the smoke movement. Because of the stack effect, most or
sometimes all of the smoke will choose a vertical shaft (usually a stairwell) to evacuate, and the
cross sectional area of the shaft and the location of fire determine which shaft is chosen. Present
computational results show the evidences of the importance of the stack effect and provide both
valuable information to the design of the passenger evacuation routes in fires as well as criteria
to the design of smoke control systems of subway stations.
Subjects
stack effect
smoke control
subway station
fire safety
Publisher
臺北市:國立臺灣大學應用力學研究所
Type
thesis
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