Combining melissopalynological analysis and high performance liquid chromatography for the identification of litchi- and longan-honeys in Taiwan
Date Issued
2012
Date
2012
Author(s)
Yang, Fu-Chun
Abstract
Litchi (Litchi chinensis) and longan (Euphoria longan) are two of most important nectariferous plants for monofloral honeys in Taiwan. Owing to high similarity in pollen morphology and overlapping of flowering time in some areas, it is difficult to distinguish either kind of honey. In order to set up a method for identifying them, we collected in this study 43 litchi honeys, 94 longan honeys, 10 mixtures of litchi- and longan-honeys, 28 other honeys from Taiwan and 3 foreign lhoneys from foreign country over the time from March to May, 2011. Melissopalynological analysis was applied to construct the pollen profiles. In addition, samples were extracted with solid-phase extraction, followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected at 280 nm to find out reliable botanical markers. In studied samples, there were 98 pollen types belonging to 51 families. The frequencies of the litchi-longan type pollen grains were generally above 50% in litch- and longan-honeys and were readily differentiated from other Taiwan honeys.. Both litchi- and longan-honeys displayed three characteristic peaks (A, B, D) in HPLC-chromatogram. Semi-quantitative analysis showed that the peak D was significantly lower for litchi honeys, whereas higher for longan honeys. The results of melissopalynological and HPLC analyses supported that A, B and D peaks originated mainly from litchi– and longan-nectars, and could be used as the botanical markers of ether type of honeys. It is suggested those labeled with typical litchi- or longan-honey should have pollen frequency higher than 50%, respectively.
Subjects
litchi honey
longan honey
melissopalynology
HPLC
botanical marker
Type
thesis
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