Using High Pressure Process and Other Enrichment Treatments to Increase γ-Aminobutyric Acid Contents in Legume Beans
Date Issued
2015
Date
2015
Author(s)
Chen, Kuan-Yu
Abstract
γ-aminobutyric acid, also known as GABA, is an important four-carbon free amino acid to both plants and animals. GABA is widely found in human central nervous system. By consumption of GABA-enriched food, people can get the benefit of decreasing blood pressure and inhibition of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system to decrease pain and anxiety. In this study, GABA contents in legume seeds were increased by using different enrichment treatments, including soaking, germination and high pressure processing. After the treatments, amino acids extracted from seeds were derived with phenylisothiocyanate (PITC) and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The main idea aims at finding out the best treatment for the highest GABA contents in red beans, soybeans, black beans, mung beans, green soybeans, peas and lima beans. Red beans, black beans and soybeans reached the highest GABA contents after germination six days which are 37.21 ± 1.82, 93.29 ± 4.15 and 292.79 ± 2.96 mg/100g (7.2 to 155 times as the control). Soybeans soaked in water for 22 hours and high pressure processed gained 60.34 ± 1.01 mg/100g GABA contents within the first standing day. Mung beans soaked in water for 4 hours and high pressure processed displayed 136.12 ± 6.56 mg/100g GABA contents on the fourth standing day. Even though the GABA contents of HPP-green soybeans, peas and lima beans increased significantly, the fresh beans resulted bad smell and appearance after the first standing day. Besides, the expression of GmGAD1, GmGAD2, GmGAD4, GmGAD5 of HPP-soybean indicated that high pressure induced GAD mRNA expression and possibly facilitate GAD synthesis. In conclusion, by using proper GABA-enriched treatment would significantly increase GABA contents in red beans, soybeans, black beans, mung beans, green soybeans, peas and lima beans.
Subjects
γ-aminobutyric acid
glutamate decarboxylase
high pressure process
GABA-enriched treatments
legume beans
Type
thesis
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
ntu-104-R02628207-1.pdf
Size
23.54 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):3e54db1f2f18659829bfb937e65e261d