Associated Factors of Gross Motor Functioning in Infants and Toddlers With Motor Delay-Pilot Study Based on the ICF Framework
Journal
物理治療
Journal Volume
45
Journal Issue
1
Pages
40-61
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Children with motor delay would be detected earlier among various categories of disabilities, and the related factors of their gross motor (GM) activities and participation (A & P) are not well understood. Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities, and Health (ICF) framework, GM A & P are the results of interaction of health condition, body function, and contextual factors. This pilot study aimed to explore the mediation models of associated factors of GM A & P based on the ICF framework in children with definite or borderline motor delay. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 130 families having children aged 6 - 24 months with definite or borderline motor delay was recruited. All children were examined with various measures. Three ICF-based hypothetical mediation models were formulated to investigate the multiple associated factors of body functions and three variables of GM A & P (stationary, locomotion, and functional mobility). The severity of motor delay (health condition) served as the independent variable, while the variables of environmental factors and body functions were treated as mediators. A multiple mediation model approach was used to test the mediating paths. Results: The derived ICF-based models indicated some direct or indirect pathways from the health condition to functioning. The severity of motor delay (health condition) could predict GM A & P directly and indirectly with body functions (mastery motivation, muscle power, muscle tone, movement reactions) as the mediators. Met needs perceived by parents (environmental factor) served as the only mediator between motor delay and mastery motivation (body functions). Conclusions: For children with motor delay, the interactions among components of ICF were supported by this pilot study. The derived ICF-based models have identified some body function variables and environmental factors as the mediators between severity of motor delay and GM A & P. The models provide empirical evidence to help clinical reasoning; however, cause-effect relationships between different ICF components require further study.
Publisher
Publisher: 社團法人臺灣物理治療學會 & Ainosco Press
Type
journal article