Biodiesel Synthesis by Esterification/ Transesterification Using Solid Catalysts
Date Issued
2012
Date
2012
Author(s)
Lin, Hsin-Mei
Abstract
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for traditional fossil fuel. It can be produced by transesterification from triglyceride. In this study, we use solid catalysts to catalyze esterification and transesterification in order to solve the problems of free fatty acid (FFA) in the feedstock oil.
The first method：Both esterification and transesterification were catalyzed simultaneously by solid acid catalyst. In experiment, we used commercial lard as feedstock oil, and SZA (Sulfated Zirconia Alumina) solid acid catalyst to catalyze both reactions. We studied different reaction parameters, the catalyst amount, the methanol/oil molar ratio, and reaction temperature. We also chose waste cooking oils (WCO) which contained FFA as feedstock oil. Under methanol/oil molar ratio 12/1, catalyst amount 1wt%, reaction temperature 150oC, and reaction time 2hr, the biodiesel yield reached 80%. Moreover, the biodiesel yield of WCO showed that different feedstock oils did not influence the efficiency of catalyst. So we could use the low quality WCO as the feedstock oil to decrease cost of oil.
The second method：The second method was two sequence reactions. Under mild reaction temperature 60oC, use SZA solid acid catalyst to catalyze esterification first. The objective was to convert FFA into ester. Then used calcium diglyceroxide Ca(C3H7O3)2 solid base catalyst to catalyze transesterification. We added 5wt% and 20wt% palmitic acid into soybean oil to simulate the feedstock oil which contained FFA. The research result showed that it was necessary to esterify FFA in oil in the first step, and the overall yield was 80% after this two sequence reactions.
Subjects
Biodiesel
Solid Catalyst
Esterification
Transesterification
Type
thesis
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