Antimicrobial and adjuvant functions of the immunomodulatory protein GMI from Ganoderma microsporum in animals
Date Issued
2011
Date
2011
Author(s)
Yu, Yao-Hsuan
Abstract
The immunomodulatory protein GMI was recently cloned from Ganoderma microsporum. We have previously found that GMI could stimulate murine monocyte macrophage RAW264.7 cells to produce TNF-α and NO and enhanced phagocytosis. In this study, we first evaluated the potential antimicrobial activity of GMI against Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice, and we found that GMI pretreatment significantly reduced the bacterial loads in liver and spleen after L. monocytogenes infection. We also investigated whether GMI could function as an adjuvant in vivo. Mice immunized with the OVA antigen and GMI generated OVA-specific IgG1 and IgG2a, and after OVA restimulation, the splenocytes underwent proliferation, produced IFN-γ, and had enhanced expression of CD44 on both CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. GMI and OVA immunization also induced an OVA-specific CTL response, as demonstrated by higher levels of granzyme B expression in CTLs and specific lysis of OVA257-264 peptide-pulsed target cells. Furthermore, mice immunized with OVA and GMI were also protected from MO5 (OVA-transfected B16 melanoma) tumor challenge. Although GMI stimulates the activation of macrophages, interestingly we could not detect a stimulatory effect of GMI on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Taken together, our results demonstrated that GMI could stimulate an innate immune response which protected mice from L. monocytogenes infection as well as function as an adjuvant that promoted the activation of Th1 and CTL responses.
Subjects
fungal immunomodulatory protein
Ganoderma microsporum
antimicrobia l
Listeria monocytogenes
adjuvant
Type
thesis
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