Synergistic effect of microscale zerovalent iron particles combined with anaerobic sludges on the degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether
Journal
Bioresource Technology
Journal Volume
108
Pages
14-20
Date Issued
2012
Author(s)
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used flame retardants. Owing to their toxicity and increasing accumulation in the environment, the fate of PBDEs in nature is of serious concern. The combined effects of microscale zerovalent iron (MZVI) and anaerobic sludge in decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) degradation were investigated. The co-incubation resulted in 63% and 29% enhancement of removal ability when compared to the single component conditions. By-products generated during the entire process followed a stepwise sequence with non-uniform accumulation rates. Microbes hindered the accessibility of MZVI to BDE-209 and reduced the removal ability in the initial stage (<12. h). According to the analysis of the microbial community change, co-incubation with MZVI leads to the enrichment of heterotrophic microbial populations bearing nitrate- or iron-reducing activities. The interaction between MZVI and microbes contributed to the synergistic effect. Our findings provide evidence for this synergistic effect and offer an alternative for developing better remediation strategies. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Subjects
Anaerobic sludge; Debromination; Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE); Microscale zerovalent iron; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
SDGs
Other Subjects
Anaerobic sludge; Debromination; Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; Micro-scales; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Bacteria; Degradation; Electrophoresis; Ethers; Iron; Organic pollutants; decabromodiphenyl ether; iron; microscale zerovalent iron; polybrominated diphenyl ether; unclassified drug; biodegradation; bromine; electrokinesis; ether; iron; microbial activity; microbial community; PBDE; pollutant removal; sludge; synergism; toxicity; article; biodegradation; bioremediation; controlled study; incubation time; microbial community; microorganism; nonhuman; organismal interaction; particulate matter; priority journal; sludge; waste component removal; waste water management; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Biodegradation, Environmental; Environmental Pollutants; Flame Retardants; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; Iron; Sewage; Species Specificity
Type
journal article