https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/10532
Title: | 有關「~teshimau」語意機能之考察 A Study on the Semantic Function of "teshimau" |
Authors: | 黃鴻信 Huang, H.H. |
Keywords: | 動作的完了;評價性的情感態度;界限超越;新局面;視點的轉移(completion of ations;evaluating meaning;surpass of limitation;transfer of view point) | Issue Date: | Jun-2011 | Journal Issue: | 21 | Start page/Pages: | 99-130 | Source: | 臺大日本語文研究 | Abstract: | 有關「~teshimau」語意機能的研究為數頗多,一般而言,其功能有二,一個用來表示動作?作用的完了,另一個用來表示說話者的情感態度。前者方面,在實際的使用上,有動作剛開始卻在後面加上「~teshimau」,或動作已經完了卻仍加上「~teshimau」的情況,顯示出「動作?作用的完了」的說法並不盡然適當;後者方面,也存在「~teshimau」是否與說話者情感態度的表達有關連的問題點。本研究之目的即在參考相關的文獻資料對「~teshimau」的語意機能再做一考察。經過分析,可以指出下列幾個結果:(1)「~teshimau」的語意機能在於表示超越情境中動詞所表示的語意界限從而導出一新局面,而說話者也因此將談話焦點從動詞轉向該新局面。(2)一般而言,動詞本身即有界限存在,因此所謂開始界限、終了界限其實已經內含於動詞本身的性質,「~teshimau」與界限的表達並無關連,因此可以了解「~teshimau」本身不含有表示「動作?作用的完了」的語意機能。(3)動詞後面是否附隨「~teshimau」,在語意上有差異。單純只是動詞時,其視點著重在動作?作用的實現,相對的,動詞後面伴隨著「~teshimau」時,如前述(1)所指出,其視點轉移至新局面上。(4)「~teshimau」尤其是在負面評價的場合一般均會指出的所謂「不可逆性」,其實依存於動詞的語彙性質,「~teshimau」與該性質並無關連。(5)伴隨「~teshimau」的同一語言表現,當事態是對自己有利時即認定其為正面的評價,對自己不利時即認定其為負面的評價,甚或用來表示中性的評價云云,其實缺乏邏輯性,從這裡亦可了解,說話者主觀的感情或態度並非透過「~teshimau」表達出來的,而是針對「~teshimau」所導出的新局面所作的表示,易言之,「~teshimau」並不包含擔負說話者的情感態度的功能。 With regard to the semantic function of "teshimau", it is typically used to present the aspect meaning of completion of actions or functions as well as the evaluating meaning of unexpected situation. However,examples such as 「思?始?????」、「飲?干?????」 do not match the former usage. While the latter,there is a problem with "teshimau" regarding if someone is participating in speaker's overt feeling. Based on the findings of previous studies,this study plan to revisit the semantic function of "teshimau". The findings of this study is as following: (1) the semantic function of "teshimau" creates a new situation that surpasses the limitation of verb-based meaning presentation,point of view of the discourse also transfers to the new situation. (2) Verbs, in general, have limitations such as "start limit" and "end limit" within themselves,"teshimau", on the other hand, has nothing to do with marking of limitations. Therefore, this indicates that there is no function that presents aspect meaning in "teshimau". (3) By using or not using "teshimau",a verb can show its semantic differences. In the case of a single verb, it only focuses on the completion of of actions/functions, while with "teshimau", as mentioned in (1) the point of view transfers to a new situation. (4) it is often indicated that "teshimau" is used in situations that are negatively evaluated.In fact, this has something to do with lexical property of verbs it collocates with.However, "teshimau" does not get involved in the lexical property of verbs. (5) it is theoretically pointless that depending on whether the situation is good or bad to a speaker,same expressions that collocate "teshimau" may be described as good or bad. It is not a speaker expresses his subjective feeling or attitude through "teshimau",but gets forward to a new situation created by "teshimau". In other words, there is no function in "teshimau" that is used for evaluation. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/282768 |
Appears in Collections: | 日本語文學系 |
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