EXPLORING THE ATTITUDES OF NURSING STAFFS TOWARD JOB PERCEPTION AND TURNOVER INTENTION

目標：本研究目的在調查護理人員對擔任護理現職工作之認知與其離職傾向，並探討護理人員背景、職務因素、護理工作認知與離職傾向的關係。方法：本研究以台北縣內區域醫院和地區醫院非主管階級護理人員為對象，使用不記名問卷進行收樣。共發出2868份問卷，回收 1767份，回收率為61.6%。結果：單因子變異數分析顯示：不同背景護理人員，無論學歷、性別、年齡、婚姻狀況，其離職傾向均有顯著差異。另外不同職務的護理人員也有不同離職傾向。逐步複迴歸分析顯示護理人員背景因素，包括學歷、年齡、性別、婚姻狀況，以及員工職務因素，包括機構性質、所屬機構層級、工作單位、職別、是否為新進人員，以及護理工作認知，均是離職傾向的重要預測變項( Adjust R^2=0.771，F=139.105，p<0.001)。護理工作認知是離職傾向的負向預測因子，亦即護理工作認知越高，離職傾向越低。結論：醫院應提升護理人員對工作之正面認知，以降低離職傾向，尤其對高離職率的新進人員更該此。可由加強護理認同、促進人際互動、改善組織環境著手，以提升護理人員對工作之認知，應可有效降低護理人員離職率。本研究可供護理工作和醫療管理者在研究或計畫解決此一問題時，做為參考和運用。 Objective: The objective of this research was to explore the attitudes of nursing staffs toward job perception and turnover intention, and to find the relationship among demographic factors, job factors, job perception and turnover intention of nursing staff. Methods : Nursing staff from the regional and district hospitals in Taipei county were enrolled in the survey by self- administered questionnaire. 1767 responses were received resulting in a response rate of 61.6% Results: Reports of ANOVA revealed that turnover intention varied significantly according to job factors and to demographic factors including schooling, age, gender and marital status. Results of stepwise multiple regression indicated that demographic factors, job factors and job perception were all important predictors of turnover intention of nursing staff (Adjust R^ 2=0.771, F=139.105, p<0.001). Job perception was a negative predictor of turnover intention, also meaning that higher job perception yielded a lower turnover intention. Conclusions: Managers of hospitals should promote positive job perception of nursing staff, especially those new employees with higher withdraw rates, to reduce turnover intention. This can be achieved by strengthening nursing identity, promoting people interaction, and improving organizational circumstances. This study may serve as a reference and utility for nursing practitioners and medical managers who focus on researching or solving this problem.