https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/13869
標題: | 性與權力之間:後殖民情境再思 Sexuality and Power : Reconsider ing the Postcolonial Situation |
作者: | 廖朝陽 | 關鍵字: | 後殖民;認同;性別;情欲;權力;Postcoloniality;Identity;Gender;Sexuality;Power | 公開日期: | 31-七月-1999 | 出版社: | 臺北市:國立臺灣大學外國語文學系暨研究所 | 摘要: | 性與權力之間:後殖民情境再思 Sexuality and Power : Reconsider ing the Postcolonial Situation 計畫編號:NSC88-2411-H-002-048 執行期限:87 年8 月1 日至88 年7 月31 日 主持人:廖朝陽國立台灣大學外文系 自Frantz Fanon 分析殖民地種族關係 以來,在有關後殖民的討論裡情欲與性別 位階一直被理論家視為與政治權力的運作 有極密切的關係。透過廣義的政治解釋, 情欲活動常被表象化而成為背後(隱而不 顯的)抽象權力的投射。晚近有關性別關 係的討論更常會涉及大體制、大秩序的考 量(如歐洲殖民史後期白人女性大量出現 在殖民地的現象與帝國統治的關係),超 出了傳統性別對立的層次。這樣的理論路 線涉及兩個問題。第一,這是整個文化理 論裡驅逐主體,顛覆真實的主流的一部 份,卻明顯含有身體消失的可能性。比較 起來,Claude Levi-Strauss 的結構主義觀 點把食物看成是符號、社會關係的運作對 象,似乎並不會造成顛覆飲食活動的結 果,而情欲活動因為本身即是建立在想像 性上面,不但特別容易成為這類「解構」 知識的標的,而且想像既是身體與意義的 中介,如果想像欲望只是權力的傀儡,身 體層次就可能失去進入文化意義的可能, 而權力本身反而可能本質化,成為無法解 釋卻無所不在的力量。第二,隨著身體消 失,接下來當然就是時間的消失。這是後 現代理論的老問題:太強調權力的操縱, 造成的結果就是經驗與記憶常被理論簡化 為幾個基本情境,失去傳遞事實(或想 像),形成公共生活的可能。本計畫認 為,採用心理分析的觀點,特別是創傷理 論的基本說法可以兼顧身體的真實性與想 像意義、主體時間的形成,提供了解決這 些問題的路徑。 In discussions of postcoloniality, many have followed Frantz Fanon in observing close interconnections between sexual desire and gender positioning on the one hand, and political power or domination on the other. Sexual attraction or repulsion has become the object of close political reading and turned into epiphenomena determined by versions of invisible or concealed abstract power. At the same time, many recent accounts of gender relations have made it a point to go beyond simple opposition between the two genders and take “big pictures” into consideration (e.g., how the stability of imperial rule was dependent on the massive entry of white women into the colonies in late European colonialism). Two questions are raised by the theoretical orientation expressed in this line of thinking. First, the desubstantialization of sexuality is part of the larger movement in cultural theory to decenter the subject and dethrone truth, but itself reveals the possibility that the body may also get decentered. Eroticization, being grounded on fantasy, is an easy target of deconstructive suspicion. But the fantasmatic provides mediation between meaning and the body. If fantasy becomes a mere façade of power, the body itself would be deprived of access to cultural meaning, resulting in the very essentializing of power into abstract but mysteriously omnipresent fatefulness. Second, the disappearance of time would follow this decentering of the body. The is an old question in discussions of postmodernity. The overvaluation of power is an easy way to lead to the simplification of experience and memory into a few schematic situations, preventing the formation of publicness through the transmission of facts (real or imaginary). In our view, psychoanalytic theories, particularly those dealing with traumatic experience, by paying proper attention to the real body and to the formation of fantasmatic meaning and the temporality of the subject, provide good ways to overcome such theoretical hurdles. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/10072 | 其他識別: | 882411H002048 | Rights: | 國立臺灣大學外國語文學系暨研究所 |
顯示於: | 外國語文學系 |
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