https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/143571
Title: | Functional Characterization of the Placental Fusogenic Membrane Protein Syncytin | Authors: | Chang, Chingwen Chen, Po-Tsang Chang, Geen-Dong Huang, Chang-Jen Chen, Hungwen |
Keywords: | Cell fusion; Placenta; Pregnancy; Syncytin; Syncytiotrophoblast; Trophoblast | Issue Date: | 2004 | Journal Volume: | 71 | Journal Issue: | 6 | Start page/Pages: | 1956-1962 | Source: | Biology of Reproduction | Abstract: | Syncytin is an envelope protein of the human endogenous retroviras family W (HERV-W). Syncytin is specifically expressed in the human placenta and mediates trophoblast cell fusion into the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast layer, it is a polypeptide of 538 amino acids and is predicted to be posttranslationally cleaved into a surface (SU) subunit and a transmembrane (TM) subunit. Functional characterization of syncytin protein can aid understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying syncytin-mediated cell fusion. In this report, we studied the structure-function relationship of syncytin in 293T and HeLa cells transiently expressing wild-type syncytin or syncytin mutants generated by linker scanning and deletion mutagenesis. Of the 22 linker-inserted mutants, mutants InS(51), InV(139), InE(156), InS(493), InA(506), and InL(529) were fusogenic, suggesting that regions around amino acids S51, V 139, and E156 in the SU subunit and S493, A506, and L529 in the cytoplasmic domain (CTM) of syncytin are flexible in conformation. Of the 17 deletion mutants, nine mutants with deletions in the region from amino acids 479 to 538 were fusogenic. The deletion mutant Dell(480), containing only the first four amino acid residues in the cytoplasmic domain, had enhanced fusogenic activity in comparison with the wild-type. In addition, two heptad repeat regions (HRA and B) were defined in the TM subunit of syncytin. A peptide inhibitor derived from the C-terminal heptad repeat region (HRB) was shown to potently inhibit syncytin-mediated cell fusion. Our results suggest that the cytoplasmic domain of syncytin is not essential for syncytin-mediated fusion but may play a regulatory role, and an intramolecular interaction between HRA and B is involved in the fusion process. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/163049 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-9744241673&doi=10.1095%2fbiolreprod.104.033340&partnerID=40&md5=578bbaec2bdffd74e5ec6c9f4e121c85 |
ISSN: | 00063363 | DOI: | 10.1095/biolreprod.104.033340 | SDG/Keyword: | amino acid; envelope protein; glutamic acid; membrane protein; polypeptide; serine; syncytin; unclassified drug; valine; article; carboxy terminal sequence; cell fusion; controlled study; cytoplasmic domain; deletion mutant; HeLa cell; heptad repeat region a; heptad repeat region b; human; human cell; molecular interaction; molecular mechanics; nucleotide repeat; placenta; priority journal; protein analysis; protein conformation; protein degradation; protein domain; protein expression; protein processing; protein structure; regulatory mechanism; Retrovirus; structure activity relation; syncytiotrophoblast; trophoblast; Base Sequence; Cell Fusion; Cell Line; Cytoplasm; Gene Products, env; Hela Cells; Humans; Mutation; Peptides; Placenta; Pregnancy Proteins; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transfection; Trophoblasts; Mammalia; unidentified retrovirus |
Appears in Collections: | 生化科學研究所 |
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