A Study of the Demand of Nursing Manpower in Taiwan

本研究係探討我國護理人力的需求狀況。研究期間為期一年，自民國78年3月至民國 79年2月。需求量重要是以專家的意見、衛生署醫療體系的發展計劃、人口之改變、 疾病型態之改變、衛生屬之評鑑標準等等加以推估。所得結果再與其他資料相比較。 研究結果顯示在民國78年時，所需護理人員數為48,989人，民國84年57,884人，民國 89年60 ,854人。但民國78年狀況來說，護理人力只有35,083人。不足一萬人以上， 若就各服務層面之護理人力分配而言，民國78年之狀況中，疾病治療體系之人力估77 .40%，偏高；而繼續照護體系之人力只佔0.03 %，偏低，有待積極培育人力。根據本 研究所推估的護理人力在各服務層面之比率是與已開發國家美國的醫療體系及人力較 為相近。本研究並推估民國84年及89年的人力需求以作為主管當局作決策時之參考。 This study is an investigation of the demand of nursing manpower in Taiwan resulting from a year-long study by means of collecting and analyzing data from various sources, including planning program of the health care delivery system, criteria of accreditation of the health care delivery system, changing pattern of the disease and changing population. Comments from experts were another important resource for estimate of nursing manpower. The results show that nursing manpower is mainly distributed in five areas, preventive health care delivery system, acute care delivery system, continuing care delivery system, nursing education, and other nursing education in high school and university. It is estimated that the demands of nursing manpower in 1979, 1994 and 2000 would be 48989, 57884 and 60854 respectively. As to the manpower distribution in each area, it is estimated that preventive health care delivery system would account for 14.04%; acute health care delivery system, 72.38%; continuing care delivery system, 7.85%; nursing education, 3.17%; and other nursing education, 1.72% in 1995. The percentage is very close to that of the health care delivery system in U.S.A. The results of the study can be important information for decision makers in nursing education for early planning to educate appropriate amount and quality of nursing manpower.