Impact of breast feeding practice on neonatal physiological variation in the first days
Date Issued
2008
Date
2008
Author(s)
Wu, Jing-Yi
Abstract
Breast milk is the best nutrition for newborn. Over the past 10 years, the Department of Health has expanded breast feeding program aggressively. Therefore, more mothers choose to breast feed their babies. Since postpartum mothers can only learn the knowledge and skills regarding breast feeding in a couple days in the hospital after given birth to their babies, how to help these mothers learn effectively has become an important issue. So we can avoid complications resulted from excessive weight loss due to mothers’ insufficient knowledge and skills regarding breast feeding. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between newborns’ breast feeding practice in the hospital, their physiological variation, and other related factors. Findings will not only provide a clinical data base for future references but also provide data and guidelines for clinical nurses while helping mothers learn breast feeding. This is a longitudinal survey design study. Using purposive sampling, 185 healthy full-term newborns, including 105 normal spontaneous delivery and 80 cesarean section from a medical center in Taipei which have an average of 3000 newborns per year were included for study. Data were collected from 2008 January 15 to April 3. Information regarding the mothers’ and the newborns’ basic attributes, breast feeding practice, and the physiological variation in the hospital were collected using various types of physiological measurement tools and 3 scales. The previous includes the use of electronic baby weight machine, transcutaneous bilirubinometer, hematocrit centrifuge, and bilirubinometer. The later includes a breastfeeding assessment tools named "LATCH Scoring System", Lactation Assessment Form, and Neonatal Conditions Record Sheet. At the same time, using the "Lactation Assessment Form," observed mother''s lactation capacity, and the "Neonatal Conditions Record Sheet" to record newborn’s daily breast feeding frequency and the amount of time, the number and nature of urine and bowel movements, body weight and jaundice changes. Data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 version. Descriptive analysis, chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson''s correlation, Multiple regression analysis were used. he results showed that during the hospitalization, the number of newborns fully breastfeed was 32 (17.3%); breastfeed but added glucose water was 58 (31.4 %); breastfeed but added formula was 95 (51.4 %). The number of newborns still having meconium on the 3rd day after birth was 23 (12.4%), still having crystal urine is 32 (17.3%). While in the hospital, the number of newborns’ weight loss more than 7% and less than 8% of the birth weight was 36 (19.5 %), most happened in the first two days after birth; more than 8% less than 10 % was 79 (42.7 %), most happened in the first two days after birth also; more than 10 % was 29 (15.7 %), most happened in the first three days after birth. During the hospital, the number of newborns received hyperbilirubinemia and accepted phototherapy treatment was 34 (18.4%).he correlation analysis showed that mode of delivery was significantly related to feeding patterns, LATCH score, lactation capacity, and weight changes; mother’s age were significantly related to feeding patterns, weight changes and whether or not to accept phototherapy treatment; neonatal feeding patterns were significantly related to LATCH points, lactation capacity, neonatal non-physiological weight loss, and whether or not to accept phototherapy treatment; neonatal non-physiological weight loss were significantly related to mother’s age, mode of delivery, and feeding patterns; neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were significantly related to mother’s age, newborn’s sex, and feeding patterns. ased on the research findings, in order to assist newborns suck breast milk effectively and help mothers breast feeding successfully, prenatal delivery education including knowledge related to breast feeding is strongly recommended. Furthermore, newborn Pediatric and Obstetric care should work together for newborns and mothers, because good support from family and healthcare workers can help mothers continue breastfeeding, so that newborns receive appropriate nutrition to reduce occurrence of non-physiological weight loss and hyperbilirubinemia.ey words: breast feeding practice, physiological variation, non-physiological weight loss, hyperbilirubinemia.
Subjects
breast feeding practice
physiological variation
non-physiological weight loss
hyperbilirubinemia
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