Stress Perception of Post-Heart Surgery Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

心臟手術病人於加護期間，面對身心社會多方面的壓力，對個人健康復原造成相當大 的影響。國外心臟手術病人於加護期間壓力感受的文獻探討相當少見，國內也尚無相 關研究報導。本研究目的在探討台灣心臟手術病八加護期間的壓力感受。研究以四十 六項心臟手術於加護期間壓力感受表評估八十九位病患，結果發現心臟手術病人平均 面臨18.7項壓力，感受輕微的壓力強度。身、心、社會三方面壓力中，以身體壓力感 受最強。手術造成合併症、身體活動受限、心臟病必須開刀、檢查與治療以及疾病帶 給家人家擔心等為心臟手術後病人於加護期間重要的壓力源。年齡、心臟病診斷、心 臟手術次數以及手術方式分別影響患者的身體、心理、社會及整體壓力感受。本研究 結果可作為臨床醫療人員提供心臟手術病人減壓處置之參考。(慈濟醫學1997; 9:285 -294) Heart surgery is a stressful experiencr for the patients especially during their stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). Stress perception of Taiwanese heart surgery patients in ICU is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate stress perception of cardiac surgery patients during their post-operative stay in ICU and the factors that influenced this perception. Eighty-nine patients included fifty men and thirty-nine women with mean age of 52 ± 16 (mean ± SD) were recruited in the study. A 46-item questionnaire was used to interview the patients after they were transferred from ICU to the recovery unit at National Taiwan University Hospital. Post-heart surgery stress in the ICU was perceived by the patients as mild stressful. Nineteen stressors were indentified by the patients. Physical stress was the prevailing stressor perceived by the patients when compared with the psychological and sociological stressors. Complications, limitations of physical activity, heart surgery, examination / treatment, and illness induced worry on family members ranked as the top five of the stressors. Age, type of heart disease, frequency and type of heart surgery influenced stress perception of the heart surgery patients in the ICU. These findings will help medical personnel understand the stressors of heart surgery patients in the ICU and develop strategies to assist the patients cope with stress. ( Tzu Chi Med J1994;9:285-294