由司法解剖分析台北地區之他殺死亡案例的形態與趨勢

Abstract

在現代資訊發達和民主自由的社會，人類犯罪行為中最嚴重的是剝奪他人自由和生存權利，也是人類犯罪行中最為嚴重的一項。而且人民對社會治安的焦點，往往都會放在兇殘的他殺案件(例如: 八里富商夫婦命案等)，如何防範和偵查也是人民對社會治安信任的指標。目前在台灣雖然對他殺死亡相關案件有所記錄，但深入分析和探討的研究極為少數，他殺相關分析資料也極為欠缺(例如: 性別、地區、年齡及他殺方式的長期趨勢等)，因此其他相關的研究也無法對他殺案件分析透徹。所以分析和探討他殺案件，並找出其相關聯的因子，是值得在他殺案件偵辨方面，且有相關聯的法醫人員更進一步探討研究。本研究以台灣都市化和人口密度較高的大台北地區為探討對象。 本次論文回顧了(2001-2010)十年間，大台北地區(台北市和新北市)地檢署，發生的他殺案件，做為本次研究的主資料。依據本研究所需的案件資料，將其收集和分類，分別就性別、年齡、發生年份、使用方法、職業和地點等方向著手，本研究透過這些資料進行分析其關聯性，並加以探討其背景。 以大台北地區來說，平均每年發生約65件，發生最多的年份為2001年，有83位被害者。最多的男性年齡族群為46-50歲，而女性部份則為小於15歲。犯案方法則以銳器類使用最多佔237件(36.1%)，第二多的則為鈍器類共205件(31.2%)。藉由此統計資料分析結果，期望往後能對他殺案件調查上有所助益，並可以提供更多資料解釋他殺行為的發生，進而幫助加強社會安全對他殺案件的防範。

In today’s society, technology is booming, in which democracy and freedom is fully practiced; one of the worst crimes is to deprive other people of their freedom and right to live. As far as social security is concerned, most people put emphasis on brutal homicide cases, such as the New Taipei City’s Bali double-homicide case. Therefore, prevention of and investigation into such crimes are indicators that of showing to which extent such people are satisfied with the social order maintained by government.Though there have been records documenting the homicide cases in Taiwan,at present,however, little research has been conducted into analyzing and studying them in depth, let alone the analysis on gender, region, age, methods of killing, long-term trend of homicide, etc. As a result, the lack of research hinders other relevant studies from investigating homicide cases thoroughly. The homicide cases in Taiwan, therefore, deserve further analysis, discussion, and exploration of factors, which can provide forensic professional with smooth investigation. This paper focuses on the Taipei City area, which is highly modernized and densely populated. This paper reviews and studies homicide cases recorded in the District Prosecutor’s Offices in both Taipei City, and New Taipei City from 2001 to 2010. The research analyzes the correlation amongst gender, age, time (by year), methods of killing, occupation, and crime scene location. The paper will and also investigate the background of these cases. Each year in Taipei City and New Taipei City, there were 65 cases of homicide on average, and the year that had the most cases, was year in 2001 numbering 83 victims. Most of the male victims were between at age 46 to 50 years old, while many female victims being younger than 15. The weapons used that were most commonly used in those criminal offenses (237 cases accounting for 36.1%) were sharp tools, followed by blunt tools in 205 cases (accounting for 31.2%). The results from the data analysis might provide a helping hand in the investigation of homicide cases, as well as providing a furthermore explanation of why the offenses happened. In doing so, it may be able to prevent the occurrence of such crimes in the future and reinforce social security.