https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/17355
標題: | 《四庫全書總目》與漢宋之學的關係 The Annotated Catalog of the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries (《四 庫全書總目》) in Relationship to Han and Song Learning |
作者: | 夏長樸 | 關鍵字: | 《四庫全書總目》;漢學;宋學;漢宋之爭;The Annotated Catalog of the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries;Han Learning;Song Learning;The debate between Han Learning and Song Learning | 公開日期: | 31-七月-2004 | 出版社: | 臺北市:國立臺灣大學中國文學系暨研究所 | 摘要: | 漢宋之爭是清代中期學術的重要問題。目前,絕大多數的學者都同意,乾隆 時配合《四庫全書》的修撰而編纂的《四庫全書總目》,在漢宋之學的爭執中, 其基本態度是支持漢學,並且對宋學採取貶抑的傾向。 但是,較少為人注意的是,乾隆皇帝在乾隆三十七年下詔編輯《四庫全書》 時,其實關心的並非漢學而是宋學。詔書中要求蒐集的書籍,以闡明心性之學、 有關治道人心的宋學著作為重點;其次纔是發揮傳注、考覈典章的漢學專著以及 諸子百家之言。這些宋學以外的著作,必須合乎實用原則,纔考慮收入。就此而 言,乾隆帝原本要求的是宋學,注重的是實用價值。然而《四庫全書》館開館後, 館臣「稟承上意」所編寫出來的《四庫全書總目》,卻成為批判宋學、標榜漢學 考證的著作。這與乾隆皇帝的本意明顯不同。箇中原因究竟何在?乾隆皇帝何以 又能接受這種轉變?這的確耐人尋味。本文之作,用意有二,一方面嘗試就現存 可靠的文獻資料中,尋找合理的解釋,以解決這個問題。另一方面則探討《四庫 全書總目》在漢宋之學消長過程中所扮演的角色。 The debate between Han Learning and Song Learning was an important scholarly issue in the mid-Qing Dynasty. Currently most scholars concur that the Annotated Catalog, which was compiled and edited in the Qianlong Period to accompany the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries, basically supported the position of Han Learning in that debate, even taking the direction of repressing Song Learning. However, what has been less noticed is that, when the Qianlong emperor decreed the editing of the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries in the thirty-seventh year of his reign (1772), what mattered was not Han, but Song Learning. The works which were decreed to be collected were to be centered around the Song Learning works of the study of mind and nature, 2 as well as on government and humanity; and in addition there were to be Han Learning works of annotations and evidential scholarship on regulations and edicts, together with works of philosophers. These works outside of Song Learning had to be in accord with useful purposes in order to be considered for inclusion. From this standpoint, the Qianlong emperor’s original request was for Song Learning, and most importantly for something of practical value. Despite this, after the opening of the office of the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries, the Annotated Catalog as produced by its officials “in accord with the wishes of the emperor,” instead criticized Song Learning and promoted the works of evidential scholarship according to Han Learning. This clearly differed from the original intent of the emperor. Why was this; and how would the emperor have been able to accept this kind of change? This is definitely a problem worth serious consideration. The goal of this study is to find a reasonable explanation which might resolve this problem using reliable literary materials. At the same time, this study will discuss the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries itself, and how it stands in the process of the ebb and flow of Han and Song Learning. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/4438 | 其他識別: | 922411H002094 | Rights: | 國立臺灣大學中國文學系暨研究所 |
顯示於: | 中國文學系 |
檔案 | 描述 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
922411H002094.pdf | 28.25 kB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
在 IR 系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。