dc.relation.reference | References and Notes. (Part A)
1. (a) Renaud, P.; Sibi, M. P., Radicals in Organic Synthesis, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2001. (b) Crich, D. Motherwell, W. B., Free Radical Chain Reactions in Organic Synthesis, Academic press, London, 1992.
2. (a) Chatgilialoglu, C.; Ingold, K. U.; Scaiano, J. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 7739-7742. (b) Franz, J.; Suleman, N. K.; Alnajjar, M. S.; J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 19-25.
3. (a) Beckwith, A. L. J.; Hay, B. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 230-234. (b) Beckwith, A. L. J.; Hay, B. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 2674-2681. (c) Beckwith, A. L. J.; Raner, K. D. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 4954-4962.
4. Batey, R. A.; MacMay, D. B. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 7267-7270.
5. (a) Clive, D. L. J.; Postema, M. H. D. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1993, 429-430. (b) Devin, P.; Fensterbank, L.; Malacria, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 833-836. (c) Devin, P.; Fensterbank, L.; Malacria, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5511-5514. (d) Chareyron, M.; Devin, P.; Fensterbank, L.; Malacria, M. Synlett. 2000, 83-85. (e) Yoshimitsu, T.; Tsunoda, M.; Nagaoka, H. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1999, 1745-1746. (f) Yoshimitsu, T.; Arano, Y.; Nagaoka, H. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 652-627. (g) Yoshimitsu, T.; Makino, T.; Nagaoka, H. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 7548-7550. (h) Yoshimitsu, T.; Arano, Y.; Nagaoka, H. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 2341-2345. (i) Yoshimitsu, T.; Arano, Y.; Nagaoka, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 11610-11611.
6. Kim, S.; Oh, D. H. Synlett 1998, 525-527.
7. (a) Hays, D. S.; Fu, G. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 7283-7284. (b) Hays, D. S.; Fu, G. C. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 6375-6381.
8. (a) Curran, D. P.; Liu, H. J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 3463-3465. (b) Curran, D. P.; Palovich, M. Synlett. 1992, 631-632. (c) Curran, D. P.; Diederichsen, U.; Palovich, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 4797-4804. (d) Diederichsen, U.; Curran, D. P. J. Organomet. Chem. 1997, 531, 9-12.
9. (a) Kim, S.; Jon, S. Y. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1996, 1355-1336. (b) Kim, S.; Jon, S. Y. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1998, 815-816. (c) Kim, S.; Jon, S. Y. Tetrahedron lett. 1998, 39, 7317-7320.
10. (a) Tsai, Y.-M.; Cherng, C. D. Tetrahedron lett. 1991, 31, 3515-3518. (b) Tsai-Y.-M.; Tang, K.-H. Tetrahedron lett. 1993, 34, 1303-1306. (c) Curran, D. P.; Jiaang, W.-T.; Palovich, M.; Tsai, Y.-M. Synlett. 1993, 403-404. (d) Tsai, Y.-M.; Chang, S.-Y. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1995, 981-982. (e) Chuang, T.-H.; Fang, J.-M.; Jiaang, W.-T.; Tsai-Y.-M. J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 1794-1805. (f) Tsai-Y.-M.; Tang, K.-H.; Jiaang, W.-T. Tetrahedron lett. 1996, 37, 7767-7770. (g) Tsai-Y.-M.; Nieh, H.-C.; Pan, J.-S.; Hsiao, D.-D. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1996, 2469-2470. (h) Chang, S.-Y.; Jiaang, W.-T.; Cherng, C. D.; Tang, K.-H.; Huang, C.-H.; Tsai, Y.-M. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 9089-9098. (i) Jiaang, W.-T.; Lin, H.-C.; Tang, K.-H.; Chang, L.-B.; Tsai, Y.-M. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 618-628. (j) Huang, C.-H.; Chang, S.-Y.; Wang, N.-S.; Tsai, Y.-M. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 8983-8991. (k) Tang, K.-H.; Liao, F.-Y.; Tsai, Y.-M. Tetrahedron 2005, 61, 2037-2045.
11. (a) Dalton, J. C.; Bourque, R. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 699-700. (b) Harris, J. M.; MacInnes, I.; Walton, J. C.; Maillard, B. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, C25-C28. (c) Tsai, Y.-M. ; Ke, B.-W. J. Chin. Chem. Soc. (Taipei) 1993, 40, 641-642. (d) Robertson, J. ; Burrows, J. N. Tetrahedron lett. 1994, 35, 3777-3780. (e) Schiesser, C. H. ; Styles, M. L. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2 1997, 2335-2340. (f) Paredes, M. D. ; Alonso, R. Tetrahedron lett. 1999, 40, 3973-3976. (g) Paredes, M. D. ; Alonso, R. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2292-2304.
12. Jackson, R. A. J. Organomet. Chem. 1979, 166, 17-19.
13. (a) Chang, S.-Y. ; Shao, Y.-F.; Chu, S.-F.; Fang, G-T.; Tsai, Y.-M. Org. Lett. 1999, 1, 945-948. (b) Ueng, S.-H.; Chen, M.-J.; Chu, S.-F.; Shao, Y.-F.; Fang, G.-T.; Chang, S.-Y.; Tsai, Y.-M. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 1502-1512.
14. For reviews, see: (a) Ramaiah, M. Tetrahedron 1987, 43, 3541-3676. (b) Curran, D. P. Synthesis 1988, 417-439. (c) Jasperse, C. P.; Curran, D. P.; Fevig, T. L. Chem. Rev. 1991, 91, 1237-1286.
15. Ueno, Y.; Chino, K.; Okawara, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1982, 23, 2575-2576.
16. For a collection of relative rate constants of β-fragmentation reactions see: Wagner, P. J.; Sedon, J. H.; Lindstrom, M. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 2579-2580.
17. (a) Tsai, Y.-M.; Chang, F.-C. ; Huang, J.; Shiu, C.-L.; Kao, C.-L.; L, J.-S. Tetrahedron 1997, 53, 4291-4308. (b) Tsai, Y.-M.; Chang, F.-C.; Huang, J.; Shiu, C.-L. Tetrahedron lett. 1989, 30, 2121. (c) Tsai, Y.-M.; Ke, B.-W.; Lin, C.-H. Tetrahedron lett. 1990, 31, 6047-6050. (d) Saičić, R. N.; Čeković, Ž.; Tetrahedron lett. 1994, 35, 7845-7848. (e) Kim, S.; Fuchs, P. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 9864-9865. (f) Yadav, V. K.; Fallis, A. G. Tetrahedron lett. 1988, 29, 897-900. (g) Nishida, A.; Kawahara, N.; Nishida, M.; Yonemitsu, O. Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 9713-9734. (h) Della, E. W.; Graney, S. D. J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 3824-3835.
18. Huckstep, M.; Taylor, R. J. K.; Caton, M. P. L. Synthesis 1982, 881-882.
19. Albert, P.; Waterson, A. G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 235-244.
20. (a) Duffaut, N.; Dunoguès, J.; Biran, C.; Calas, R.; Gerval, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1978, 161, C23-C24. (b) Ager, D. J.; Fleming, I.; Patel, S. K. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1981, 2520-2526. (c) Fleming, I.; Newton, T. W. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1984, 1805-1808. (d) Capperucci, A.; Degl,Innocenti, A. D.; Faggi, C.; Ricci, A. J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 3612-3614.
21. (a) Chatgilialoglu, C.; Ballestri, M. Organometallics 1999, 18, 2395-2397. (b) Chatgilialoglu, C.; Timokhin, V. I.; Zaborovskiy, A. B.; Lutsyk, D. S.; Prystansky, R. E. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, 2000, 577-581.
22. Chatgilialoglu, C.; Dickhaut, J.; Giese, B. J. Org.. Chem. 1991, 56, 6399-6403.
23. Franz, J. A.; Bushaw, B. A.; Alnajjar, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 111, 268-275.
24. (a) Newcomb, M.; Varick, T. R.; Ha, C.; Manek, M. B.; Yue, X. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 8158-8163. (b) Crich, D.; Jiao, X.-Y.; Yao, Q.; Harwood, J. S. J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 2368-2373.
25. For a technique about polarity-reversal catalysis of hydrogen abstraction reactions, see: Robert, B. P. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1999, 28, 25-35.
26. (a) Pearson, R. G. J. Am. Soc. Chem. 1963, 88, 3533-3539. (b) Pearson, R. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 581-586. (c) Pearson, R. G. J. Am. Soc. Chem. 1983, 105, 7512-7516.
27. For a recent review about phosphrous-centered radical, see: Leca, D.; Fensterbank, L.; Lacôte, E.; Malacria, M. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2005, 34, 858-865.
28. Book, A. G.; Harris, J. W.; Lennon, J.; El Sheikh, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 83-95, and references cited therein.
29. Harendza, M.; Junggebauer, J.; Leβmann, K.; Neumann, W. P.; Tews, H. Synlett. 1993, 286-288.
30. (a) Trost, B. M.; Salzmann, T. N.; Hiroi, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 4887-4902. (b) Satoh, T.; Akita, K Chem. Pharm. Bull. 2003, 51, 181-186.
31. Ogura, K.; Suzuki, M.; Tsuchihashi, G.-i. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1980, 53, 1414-1416.
32. Lemieux, R. U.; Spohr, U. Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem. 1994, 50, 1.; Prof. Emil Fischer was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1902.
33. (a) Hanessian, S. “Total synthesis of natural products: The Chiron Approach”, Pergamon, New York. 1983. (b) Bols, M. “Carbohydrate building blocks”, Wiley , New York, 1996.
34. (a) RajanBabu, T. V., in Preparative Carbohydrate Chemistry, (Eds.: Hanessian, S.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 1997, p. 545-567. (b) Pearce, A. J.; Mallet, J.-M.; Sinaÿ, P., in Radicals in Organic Synthesis, (Eds.: Renaud, P.; Sibi, M. P.), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2001, Vol. 2, p. 538-577. (c) Ferrier, R. J. ; Middleton, S. ; Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 2779-2831.
35. Fraser-Reid, B. Yeung, B-W, A.; Alonso, R. Vite, G. D. J. Carbohydrate Chemistry 1989, 8, 413-427.
36. For a rate constant (~5.0 | en |