https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/184973
標題: | 以抽穗期基因之序列多型性及表現變異進行臺灣原住民山地旱稻馴化之研究 Domestication of Rice Land Races Collected in Taiwan Aboriginals Based on Sequence Polymorphism and Expression Variation of Heading Date Genes |
作者: | 陳昱齊 Chen, Yu-Chi |
關鍵字: | 水稻;馴化;抽穗期;抽穗期基因;山地品系;序列分析;TILLING;Rice;domestication;heading date;heading date gene;land race;DNA sequence analysis | 公開日期: | 2009 | 摘要: | 栽培稻 (Oryza sativa L.) 為亞洲主食之一,它為短日照植物,透過人類不斷選拔,造成適應溫帶或熱帶截然不同之氣候環境以及不同的栽培模式。過去經學者們藉由突變與染色體漫步方式方式找到許多與水稻抽穗期相關之基因,如本研究目標之六個水稻抽穗期基因,Heading date 3a (Hd3a) 基因、Heading date 1 (Hd1) 基因、Heading date 6 (Hd6) 基因、Photoperiodic sensitivity 5 (SE5) 基因、Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) 基因以及Early heading date 2 (Ehd2) 基因。之抽穗期基因於自然界中存在許多變異,抽穗期日數上亦具有很大變異,本研究之材料為60種之臺灣山地旱稻品系,挑選其中抽穗期差異達60天之六個山地品系進行序列分析,發現Hd1、Hd3a、Hd6、Ehd1與Ehd2基因於序列上具有很多變異,並會造成胺基酸之改變甚或影響基因之表現,如Hd1基因之第一exon分別插入36 bp與123 bp,第二exon發現1901 bp之retrotransposon;Ehd2基因於第二intron發現具有長度變異之SSR (simple sequence repeats),以及諸多之SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism)等。實驗並進行TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) 試驗,發現臺灣山地品系在此六個抽穗期基因具有極多之序列變異,分別存在於promoter、UTR、intron與exon上。日後可與其他地區之變異形式做一比較,並結合語言學、考古學與其他馴化基因之研究,或許可揭開臺灣水稻馴化史之神秘面紗。 Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the major foods in Asia, and it is a short-day plant. During domestication by human selection had made it produced different adaption to the temperate or tropical climate zone and different cultivar types. Researchers had identified several genes responsible for heading date in rice through mutants and chromosome walking. Among those genes, Heading date 3a (Hd3a), Heading date 1 (Hd1), Heading date 6 (Hd6), Photoperiodic sensitivity 5 (SE5), Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), and Early heading date 2 (Ehd2) are the target genes in this study.here are many natural variations in rice heading date gene sequences. In this study, six land races were selected from sixty rice land races collected from Taiwan aboriginals, with heading dates differed about sixty days.The study discovers many DNA sequence variations in these heading date genes among six land races, and some of them may result in amino acid variations. For instance, there are two types of insertions with 36 bp or 123 bp DNA fragments in the first exon of Hd1, and one type of insertions with the 1901bp (a retrotransposon) in the second exon of Hd1, in addition, many SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism) were also observed.n present study, TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) analysis illustrates many variations in the six heading date related genes of the land races collected from Taiwan aboriginals. Those variations occur at the promoters, UTRs, introns and exons. In the future, we may compare the information with those obtained from land races in the nearby countries through international collaborations. Together with the efforts from archeologists and philologists, we should be able to reveal the rice cultivation of Taiwan during the pre-history period, including rice domestication. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/180126 |
顯示於: | 農藝學系 |
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ntu-98-R96621109-1.pdf | 23.32 kB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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