A Study on the Elderly Hypertension in Taiwan

有關台灣之年人的高血壓的資料為數不多。本研究係從一項台灣地區之老年疾病流行病學的調查資料中有關血壓部份的結果。本調查的對象為自台灣地區抽樣選出的65歲以上的老人施行健康檢查者，有效樣本包括1283位男性及1235位女性，共2518人。依據年齡，將受檢者分為4群：65~69歲群，70~74歲群，75~79歲群及80歲以上群。每位受檢者均血壓（採水銀柱血壓計，坐姿），並將血士與心臟血管危險因子如膽固醇≧250mg/dl，三酸甘油酯≧160mg/dl，尿酸≧8.2mg/dl及血醣≧110mg/dl）之盛行率之間作一比較。血壓方面，依照世界衛生組織之定義，邊際性及確定性收縮期高血壓的盛行率在男性分別369與201‰，在女性分別為185‰與131‰。邊際性收縮期高血壓之年齡別盛行率在4年齡群的男性分別為339‰ ，397‰，370‰，及380‰。此盛行率在4年齡群的女性分別為357‰，336‰，323‰，及340‰。確定性收縮期高血壓之年齡別盛行率在4年齡群的男性分別是196，166‰，248‰及317‰。此盛行率在4年齡群的女性分別為261‰，264‰，323‰及321‰。邊際性舒張期高血壓之年齡別盛行率在4年齡群的男性分別為214，174‰，150‰及111‰。此盛行率在4齡群的女性分別為229‰，156‰，120‰，189‰。確定性舒張期高血壓之年齡別盛行率在4年齡群的男性分別八152‰ ;，106‰，102‰，及127‰。此盛行率在4年齡群的女性分別為146‰，130‰，104‰，及75‰ 。這些數據可知，老年人之邊際性及確定性高血壓之盛行率高於年輕人的盛行率。邊際性收縮期高血壓的盛行率在男性八妾生為高。而確定性收縮期高血及舒張期高血壓之盛行率在女性比男性略高。但無統計學差異。年齡對於血壓的影響男女似乎稍有差異。而確定性高血壓群之膽固醇、三甘油脂，尿酸血及血糖偏高之盛行率高於其他二血壓群，顯示高血壓與異常血脂肪、血糖及尿酸的關連。 To investigate the hypertensive statusive status in the dlderly peple in Taiwan, we conducted a survey in Taiwan AReabetween July 1, 1989 to June 30,1991. Ttally 2518 subjects aged 65 and over were randomly chosen by a cluster sampling technique for general health check-up. Among them 1283 were male while 1235 were female. Blood pressure was measured by mercury sphygmomanometer in sitting position. Hypertension was defined as the WHO criteria. We found that the prevalence of definite systolic hypertension (SBP>160 mmHg)was) 201‰ among the elderly male and 275‰ among the elderly female, while the prevalence of definite diastolic hypertension (DBP>95 mmHg) was 124‰among the male and 131‰among the female. Those prevalence data for borderline hypertension were 369‰for male systolic BP, 344‰for female systolic BP; 182‰for male diastolic BP and 186‰for female diastolic BP. Among the hypertensives, the occurrence of high cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid and glucose levels were higher than those without hypertension. Therefore we concluded that hypertension is rather prevalent among the elderly people in Taiwan and hypertension is related with abnormal lipid, glucose and uric acid.