睡虎地秦簡通假字研究

Abstract

通假是古代文獻中音同音近替代的用字現象，不論是傳世古籍或出土文獻，都普遍存在大量的通假字。研析通假用字的特殊現象，有助吾人觀察漢字的演變和使用情況，同時有助於瞭解上古語音的保存實貌。一九七五年十二月出土的《睡虎地秦簡》所反映的通假現象十分突出亦頗複雜。本文從《睡虎地秦簡》的用字現象中，透過《說文》及其他出土文獻材料，論證其通假現象及原則。

Interchangeability was an significant phenomenon of Chinese char-acters in ancient texts that occured when the pronunciations of two characters were similar or equivalent. There are great amout of inter-changeable charaters in both the extant Chinese classics and the recently unearthed texts. By analying the interchangeability of Chinese characters, we can not only observe the development and usage of Chinese characters, but also acquire better understanding of the old Chinese phonology preserved in those characters. The interchangeabil-ity of characters in Qin Banboo Slips at Shuihudi is salient and complicated as well. In this article, I discuss this phenomenon and its priciples with reference to Shuowen and other recently unearthed docu-ments.