「傅子」探賾

Abstract

魏晉子籍，今多亡佚不存。傅玄所作《傅子》，據云原有數十萬言，一百二十卷，宋後已久不見。清修《四庫全書》時，始由徐步雲自《永樂大典》中輯出一卷。此卷書，紀昀以為「所論皆關切治道，闡啟儒風，精意名言，往往而在」，因升之入子部儒家類，不依《隋志》原次雜家之舊。本文依據嚴可均、葉德輝、傅以禮三家《傅子》輯本，分由四方面深入探討《傅子》學術真象，屬於「學術史」之研究： 一、蠡測《傅子》書原有內容大概及內、中、外三篇之區劃。 二、檢討《傅子》書之學術屬性及流派歸屬問題，認定《傅》書當歸儒家。 三、梳理史傳及《傅子》書中各種資料，考定傅玄之政治立場，闡明其與司馬氏之關係。 四、推論《傅子》書撰作之初即有意作為一王大法而為司馬新政之藍圖，因有捨玄就儒之新趨，而頗具時代性與代表性。

Fu Tzu, which was written by Fu Hsuan of the Chin Dynasty, comprises several hundred thousand words in 120 volumes, has been missing for a long Time. Since the Ching Dynasty, scholars have started to compile the 3~5% of the original version found in various ancient scripts. This thesis is a research on the history of the scholarship, including four sections as follows: 1. The first section deals with the original contents of the Fu Tzu and its classification. 2. The second section deals its scholastic origin and trend and establishes it is Confucianist. 3. The third section deals with the political position and establishes that he was pro-Szu Ma. 4. The thesis concludes that Fu Tzu was written for Chin Dynasty to be a blueprint of policy implementation with a tendency towards Confucianism instead of Taoism. Therefore, it is a work of great ambition as well as historically significant significance.