The Glycine Allele of a Glycine/Arginine Polymorphism in the Beta2- Adrenergic Receptor Gene Is Associated with Essential Hypertension in a Population of Chinese Origin

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Several studies implicate polymorphisms in the human beta- adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2) in the susceptibility to hypertension. We sought to replicate these results in a population of Chinese origin primarily from Taiwan and the San Francisco Bay area. METHODS: We genotyped >800 hypertensive subjects and individuals with low-normal blood pressure that were derived largely from the same families as the hypertensive patients for three polymorphisms in the ADRB2 gene: a C/T transition at position 47 (C-47T) in the 5' leader cistron; another C/T transition that results in a glycine/ arginine substitution at codon 16 ( Gly16Arg), and a G/C transversion that causes a glutamate/glutamine substitution at codon 27 (Glu27Gln). RESULTS: The Gly16Arg was significantly associated with hypertension (P < .03). Under a dominant model, for hypertension the relative risk for the Gly/Gly and Gly/Arg genotypes versus the Arg/Arg genotype was 1.35 (95% confidence limits [CL] 1.08, 1.70); for low-normal blood pressure the relative risk was 0.79 (95 % CL 0.66, 0.94). This polymorphism explained approximately 1% of the variance in systolic and diastolic blood pressures in our study population . There was no evidence of association between the C-47T and Glu27Gln polymorphisms and hypertension in this population. CONCLUSIONS: The Glyl6 allele in the beta2- adrenergic receptor gene is a susceptibility allele for essential hypertension in a population of Chinese origin.