「短式華人敵意量表」之發展與信效度考驗

Abstract

The purpose of this study was developing Chinese Hostility Inventory (CHI): Short Form. The multi-dimensional construct of hostility (Lin &Weng, 2002) include four dimensions: hostility cognition, hostility affect, expressed hostility behavior mode, and suppressed hostility behavior mode. We cut down 44-item Chinese Hostility Inventory to form short-form for economic efficiency. The draft version of the 44-item inventory was administered to 466 subjects including 61 coronary artery disorder patients, 64 headache patients, 65 normal adults, and 276 college students. Through item discrimination, internal consistency, correlation and factor analysis, 20 items were kept. This 20-item final version was administrated to 222 subjects including 93 normal adults, and 129 college students for cross validation. Although there are only 6, 4, 5 and 5 items in "Hostility Cognition", "Hostility Affect", "Hostility Expression", and "Hostility Suppression" subscale respectively, results show that the inventory has good psychometric properties: Cronbach's a is .89 for the whole inventory, and range from .73 to .78 for the four sub-scales. The correlation with the long-form inventory is .96 for the whole inventory, and range from .88 to .95 for the four correspondence sub-scales. Four weeks test-retest reliability is .80 for the whole inventory, and range from .65 to .84 for the four sub-scales. One-way ANOVA shows the good construct validity of the inventory. The results prove that the CHI: Short Form can be a good and efficient tool to assess multidimensional hostility for Chinese.

本研究目的乃在發展一份適合華人使用之評估敵意多向度概念之工具。本研究將林宜美與翁嘉英(2002)所發展之44題的「華人敵意量表」，經兩次修訂精簡為20題的「短式華人敵意量表」，以符合臨床應用經濟性與效率的需求。本研究係經鑑別度、因素分析、內部一致性信度，以及各短式分量表與原量表各分量表之相關考驗，選出20題的「短式華人敵意量表」。「敵意認知」、「敵意情感」、「表達敵意」和「壓抑敵意」四個分量表雖然各自只有6、4、5、5個題項，但分量表內部一致性係數分別為.78、.78、.76與.73，全量表為.89；四週再測信度分別為.65、.84、.78與.72，全量表為.80。效度考驗方面，經由單因子變異數分析結果顯示，「短式華人敵意量表」之各個分量表可反映不同疾病在敵意向度之疾病特異性，顯示其具有良好之建構效度。驗證性因素分析結果顯示，四向度的敵意模式，具有可以接受的模式符合度。綜合上述研究結果顯示，本研究依據敵意理論所發展的「短式華人敵意量表」具有良好的信效度，可做為臨床評估敵意的良好工具。