道佛會通方法研議：試論道佛會通的共通認識論基礎及歷史上重要道佛會通類型的考察

Abstract

作者首先指出會通目的其實是為了要化解二者之間的衝突，在已往主張會通的言 論中，發現其「會通」的含意亦各有不同，在道佛會通的部分作者將其歸納為六 類：「名異實同」、「教異道同」、「跡異理同」、「判教融攝」、「殊途同歸」、 「萬法同源」等類型。佛與道之間的距離是比佛與儒為小。作者最後指出，三教 在歷史上各自建立了其信仰體系，有各自的實踐功夫與社會功能，從社會功能來 論證其合一者最淺，從宗教科儀制度之相模仿以論證其合一者亦僅屬表面，從實 踐功夫以論合一者稍深，然亦非觸及中心要旨，最重要在理論體系本身，然理論 體系之表詮有賴名言、命題與論證，學者可在此進行反省與批評，其所論或當在 跡而不及本，論其本當在人心性之體察，佛道會通之研議亦必在此。

The author first points out that the purpose of “intercurrence”is to eliminate the conflicting differences between two different schools. Through historical reviewing, the author discovers that “intercurrence”is pregnant with different connotations. The author classifies them into six groups. In the end the author points out that the three main schools in China construct their own system; each has different way of practice and social function. If we discuss “intercurrence”only through the aspects of “practice”and “social function”, it will not bring us into the heart of the issue. Only through theoretical comparison can help us understand each school more accurate and deeper.