An investigation of junior college nursing students' intentions to care for HIV-positive patients

Abstract

目的：了解專科護生對照護HIV陽性病患的知識、態度、主觀規範、護理照護能力及 照護意願，並運用意願預測因子模式來探討護生的知識、態度、主觀規範及護理照護 能力對其照護此類病患意願之影響。材料與方法：由全國招收專科生的護理專科學校 中機抽取2所學校，以五專部護理科的9班學生為研究對象，由學生自填結構式問卷一 份。結果：顯示大多數的護生缺乏有關HIV的知識，對護HIV陽性病患抱持中立略偏正 向的態度，感受到其重要他人不支持他去照護HIV陽性病患，但認為自已具有照護HIV 陽性病患之護理照護能力。護生亦表示此許的正向意願來照護HIV陽性病患。此外， 態度愈正向、愈感受到重要他人支持的壓力及愈認為自已具有護理照護能力的護生， 愈具有照護意願。以複迴歸分析來檢測預測因子模式，結果發現知識、態度、主觀規 範及護理照護能力對於照護意願的解釋力為33%，但僅有態度、主觀規範以及護理照 護能力為主要的意願預測因子。結論：未來護理教育者可藉由改善專科護生對照設 HIV陽性病患之態度、主觀規範以及護理照護能力，以提升照護意願，進而改善HIV陽 性病患之護理照護品質。(慈濟醫學 2000;12:123-130) Objective: To explore junior college nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and nursing care abilities related to caring for HIV-positive patients and to determine the extent to which these variables influence their caregiving intentions. Materials and Methods: Two junior nursing colleges were randomly selected. Students from nine classes were asked to voluntarily complete a structured questionnaire. Results: Most of these nursing students lacked sufficient knowledge about HIV. In general, participants expressed positive attitudes toward caring for patients who are HIV positive. Subjective norms about caring for HIV-positive patients tended to be negative, but ratings of nursing care abilities were generally positive. Participants also expressed slightly positive intentions to care for patients who are HIV positive. In addition, attitudes, subjective norms, and nursing care abilities were significantly correlated with intentions. The use of a stepwise regression reveled that knowledge, attitudes , subjective norms, and nursing care abilities accounted for 33% of the variance in intentions, However, only attitudes, subjective norms and nursing care abilities were significant predictors of intentions. Conclusions: Nursing educators can focus on changing students ’ attitudes, subjective norms , and nursing care abilities to improve their intentions to care for HIV-positive patients. (Tzu Chi Med J 2000; 12:123- 130)