https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/347846
Title: | Removal of pharmaceuticals in secondary wastewater treatment processes in Taiwan | Authors: | Lin, A.Y.-C. Yu, T.-H. Lateef, S.K. ANGELA YU-CHEN LIN |
Keywords: | Antibiotics; Estrogens; Pharmaceuticals; Secondary treatment; WWTPs | Issue Date: | 2009 | Journal Volume: | 167 | Journal Issue: | 1-3 | Start page/Pages: | 1163-1169 | Source: | Journal of Hazardous Materials | Abstract: | Water samples from four Taiwanese wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) employing secondary treatment processes were evaluated for a sweep of pharmaceuticals, and analysis of the mass loads and removal efficiencies of the compounds identified were conducted. Fifty-seven compounds were detected, including significant amounts of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), psychostimulants (caffeine), antibiotics, and β-blockers, as well as trace levels of estrogens, vasodilators, psychiatric drugs, and lipid-regulators. Total loads ranged from 10 to 13 and 1.2 to 3.3 g/(d 1000) inhabitants for influents and effluents, respectively. NSAIDs were the main constituent (61-69%) in the water entering three WWTPs. Removal efficiencies varied among WWTPs; high removal rates (72-100%) were generally achieved for NSAIDs, estrogens, and caffeine, but some antibiotics groups (macrolides, penicillin, and imidazole) were not removed at all in many cases. This study also identified 17 mostly detected and persistent pharmaceuticals, of which caffeine, cephalexin, atenolol, and ibuprofen had the highest influent concentrations (up to 17,500, 4367, 2883, and 17,933 ng/L). These medications are used worldwide in significant amounts, and as shown here, the residuals which escape WWTP processing emerge as the primary pollutants for downstream receiving water bodies. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
URI: | http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-67649397391&partnerID=MN8TOARS http://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/347846 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.01.108 | SDG/Keyword: | Atenolol; Cephalexin; Estrogens; High removal rates; Macrolides; Mass load; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Pharmaceuticals; Primary pollutants; Psychostimulants; Receiving waters; Removal efficiencies; Secondary treatment; Total load; Trace level; Wastewater treatment plants; Wastewater treatment process; Water samples; WWTPs; Antibiotics; Effluents; Nitrogen compounds; Removal; Sewage treatment plants; Wastewater; Wastewater reclamation; Water analysis; Water recycling; Water treatment plants; Wastewater treatment; antibiotic agent; antilipemic agent; atenolol; beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent; caffeine; cefalexin; estrogen; ibuprofen; imidazole; macrolide; nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent; penicillin G; psychostimulant agent; psychotropic agent; vasodilator agent; antibiotics; efficiency measurement; effluent; estrogenic compound; pollutant removal; wastewater; water treatment; article; downstream processing; effluent; pollutant; Taiwan; waste component removal; waste water management; waste water treatment plant; water pollution; water sampling; Industrial Waste; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Taiwan; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Purification; Asia; Eurasia; Far East; Taiwan |
Appears in Collections: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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