Health risk-based assessment and management of heavy metals-contaminated soil sites in Taiwan
Journal
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Journal Volume
7
Journal Issue
10
Pages
3595-3614
Date Issued
2010
Author(s)
Abstract
Risk-based assessment is a way to evaluate the potential hazards of contaminated sites and is based on considering linkages between pollution sources, pathways, and receptors. These linkages can be broken by source reduction, pathway management, and modifying exposure of the receptors. In Taiwan, the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Remediation Act (SGWPR Act) uses one target regulation to evaluate the contamination status of soil and groundwater pollution. More than 600 sites contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) have been remediated and the costs of this process are always high. Besides using soil remediation techniques to remove contaminants from these sites, the selection of possible remediation methods to obtain rapid risk reduction is permissible and of increasing interest. This paper discusses previous soil remediation techniques applied to different sites in Taiwan and also clarified the differences of risk assessment before and after soil remediation obtained by applying different risk assessment models. This paper also includes many case studies on: (1) food safety risk assessment for brown rice growing in a HMs-contaminated site; (2) a tiered approach to health risk assessment for a contaminated site; (3) risk assessment for phytoremediation techniques applied in HMs-contaminated sites; and (4) soil remediation cost analysis for contaminated sites in Taiwan. ? 2010 by the authors.
Subjects
Food safety risk; Heavy metal; Phytoremediation; Risk-based assessment; Soil remediation techniques
SDGs
Other Subjects
arsenic; cadmium; chromium; copper; ground water; heavy metal; lead; mercury; nickel; zinc; article; bioremediation; carcinogenicity; financial management; food safety; health hazard; heavy metal removal; phytoremediation; rice; risk assessment; risk management; risk reduction; soil analysis; soil pollution; Taiwan; water contamination
Type
journal article