N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids regulate lipid metabolism through several inflammation mediators: mechanisms and implications for obesity prevention
Journal
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
Journal Volume
21
Journal Issue
5
Pages
357-363
Date Issued
2010
Author(s)
Tai, C.C.
Abstract
Obesity is a growing problem that threatens the health and welfare of a large proportion of the human population. The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are dietary factors that have potential to facilitate reduction in body fat deposition and improve obesity-induced metabolic syndromes. The n-3 PUFA up-regulate several inflammation molecules including serum amyloid A (SAA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in hepatocytes and adipocytes. Actions of these inflammation mediators resemble those of n-3 PUFA in the modulation of many lipid metabolism-related genes. For instance, they both suppress expressions of perilipin, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) to induce lipolysis and reduce lipogenesis. This review will connect these direct or indirect regulating pathways between n-3 PUFA, inflammation mediators, lipid metabolism-related genes and body fat reduction. A thorough knowledge of these regulatory mechanisms will lead us to better utilization of n-3 PUFA to reduce lipid deposition in the liver and other tissues, therefore presenting an opportunity for developing new strategies to treat obesity. ? 2010 Elsevier Inc.
Subjects
Docosahexaenoic acid; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; N-3 PUFA; Obesity; Serum amyloid A; Tumor necrosis factor-α
SDGs
Other Subjects
adiponectin; docosahexaenoic acid; interleukin 6; lipoprotein lipase; omega 3 fatty acid; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor; saturated fatty acid; serum amyloid A; toll like receptor; tumor necrosis factor alpha; adipocyte; bioaccumulation; body fat distribution; cell differentiation; cytokine production; diet supplementation; enzyme regulation; gene expression regulation; human; inflammation; lipid metabolism; lipogenesis; lipolysis; mediator release; metabolic regulation; nonhuman; obesity; protein expression; protein function; regulatory mechanism; review; upregulation; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Obesity
Type
journal article