Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection decreases the efficacy of an attenuated classical swine fever virus (CSFV) vaccine
Journal
Veterinary Research
Journal Volume
42
Journal Issue
1
Date Issued
2011
Author(s)
Huang, Yu-Liang
Lin, Chun-Ming
Tsai, Yi-Chieh
Chia, Mi-Yuan
Deng, Ming-Chung
Abstract
The Lapinized Philippines Coronel (LPC) vaccine, an attenuated strain of classical swine fever virus (CSFV), is an important tool for the prevention and control of CSFV infection and is widely and routinely used in most CSF endemic areas, including Taiwan. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PCV2 infection affects the efficacy of the LPC vaccine. Eighteen 6-week-old, cesarean-derived and colostrum-deprived (CDCD), crossbred pigs were randomly assigned to four groups. A total of 10 5.3 TCID 50of PCV2 was experimentally inoculated into pigs through both intranasal and intramuscular routes at 0 days post-inoculation (dpi) followed by LPC vaccination 12 days later. All the animals were challenged with wild-type CSFV (ALD stain) at 27 dpi and euthanized at 45 dpi. Following CSFV challenge, the LPC-vaccinated pigs pre-inoculated with PCV2 showed transient fever, viremia, and viral shedding in the saliva and feces. The number of IgM +, CD4 +CD8 -CD25 +, CD4 +CD8 +CD25 +, and CD4 -CD8 +CD25 + lymphocyte subsets and the level of neutralizing antibodies against CSFV were significantly higher in the animals with LPC vaccination alone than in the pigs with PCV2 inoculation/LPC vaccination. In addition, PCV2-derived inhibition of the CSFV-specific cell proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was demonstrated in an ex vivo experiment. These findings indicate that PCV2 infection decreases the efficacy of the LPC vaccine. This PCV2-derived interference may not only allow the invasion of wild-type CSFV in pig farms but also increases the difficulty of CSF prevention and control in CSF endemic areas. ? 2011 Huang et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
SDGs
Other Subjects
Animalia; Circovirus; Classical swine fever virus; Pestivirus; Porcine circovirus 2; Suidae; immunoglobulin M; live vaccine; neutralizing antibody; virus vaccine; animal; animal disease; article; blood; Circoviridae infection; Circovirus; classical swine fever; controlled clinical trial; controlled study; feces; immunology; lymphocyte; metabolism; Pestivirus; randomized controlled trial; saliva; swine; Taiwan; viremia; virology; virus shedding; Animals; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Circoviridae Infections; Circovirus; Classical Swine Fever; Classical swine fever virus; Feces; Immunoglobulin M; Lymphocytes; Saliva; Swine; Taiwan; Vaccines, Attenuated; Viral Vaccines; Viremia; Virus Shedding
Type
journal article