Low molecular weight chitosan accelerates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in human intestinal endocrine cells via a p38-dependent pathway
Journal
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Journal Volume
61
Journal Issue
20
Pages
4855-4861
Date Issued
2013
Author(s)
Abstract
Chitosan is widely employed as a dietary supplement. Several studies have shown that chitosan possesses an antidiabetic effect. An important intestinal incretin hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is also known to contribute to the amelioration of diabetes. This study investigated whether chitosan possesses an ability in GLP-1 synthesis and secretion in human intestinal cells. Low molecular weight chitosan (LMWC) significantly increases GLP-1 secretion in human intestinal endocrine cells (NCI-H716) in a dose-dependent manner. LMWC could also dose-dependently increase the mRNA expression of proglucagon, a GLP-1 precursor, but did not affect prohormone convertase 3 (PC 3) mRNA expression. LMWC effectively increased the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)-p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), but not extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK). An inhibitor of p38, but not JNK and ERK, significantly reversed the LMWC-increased proglucagon expression. Taken together, LMWC accelerates proglucagon expression and GLP-1 secretion through a p38/MAPK-dependent signaling pathway. These findings suggest that LMWC may provide a strategy for diabetes therapy. ? 2013 American Chemical Society.
Subjects
chitosan; glucagon-like peptide-1; intestine; p38 MAPK; proglucagon
SDGs
Other Subjects
C-jun N-terminal kinase; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Glucagon-like peptide-1; intestine; Low molecular weight chitosans; Mitogen activated protein kinase; P38 MAPK; proglucagon; Enzyme activity; Molecular weight; Peptides; Physiology; Chitosan; chitosan; glucagon like peptide 1; messenger RNA; mitogen activated protein kinase p38; proglucagon; stress activated protein kinase; article; cell line; chemistry; dose response; drug effect; enteroendocrine cell; gene expression; genetics; human; metabolism; molecular weight; phosphorylation; physiology; secretion (process); signal transduction; Cell Line; Chitosan; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enteroendocrine Cells; Gene Expression; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Humans; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Molecular Weight; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; Proglucagon; RNA, Messenger
Type
journal article