Resveratrol attenuates high-fat diet-induced disruption of the blood-brain barrier and protects brain neurons from apoptotic insults
Journal
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Journal Volume
62
Journal Issue
15
Pages
3466-3475
Date Issued
2014
Author(s)
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintains brain microenvironment. Our previous study showed that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) can damage the BBB by inducing apoptosis of cerebrovascular endothelial cells. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of resveratrol on high-fat diet-induced insults to the BBB and brain neurons. Exposure of mice to a high-fat diet for 8 weeks increased levels of serum total cholesterol (146 ± 13) and LDL (68 ± 8), but resveratrol decreased such augmentations (119 ± 6; 45 ± 8). Permeability assays showed that a high-fat diet induced breakage of the BBB (88 ± 21). Meanwhile, resveratrol alleviated this interruption (16 ± 6). Neither resveratrol nor a high-fat diet caused the death of cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Instead, exposure to a high-fat diet disrupted the polymerization of occludin and zonula occludens (ZO)-1, but resveratrol significantly attenuated those injuries. Neither a high-fat diet nor resveratrol changed the levels of occludin or ZO-1 in brain tissues. Resveratrol protected brain neurons against high-fat diet-induced caspase-3 activation and genomic DNA fragmentation. This study shows that resveratrol can attenuate the high-fat diet-induced disruption of the BBB via interfering with occludin and ZO-1 tight junctions, and protects against apoptotic insults to brain neurons. ? 2014 American Chemical Society.
Subjects
blood-brain barrier; brain neurons; high-fat diet; resveratrol; tight junction
SDGs
Other Subjects
Blood; Cell death; Endothelial cells; Living systems studies; Neurons; Nutrition; Blood; Cell death; Endothelial cells; Living systems studies; Neurons; Resveratrol; Blood-brain barrier; Brain neurons; Caspase-3 activation; High-fat diet; Microenvironments; Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL); Tight junctions; Total cholesterols; Resveratrol; Nutrition; Mus; resveratrol; stilbene derivative; animal; apoptosis; article; blood brain barrier; brain; brain atherosclerosis; cytology; drug effect; fat intake; human; Institute for Cancer Research mouse; lipid diet; male; metabolism; mouse; nerve cell; pathophysiology; Animals; Apoptosis; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Fats; Humans; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neurons; Stilbenes
Type
journal article