Visual-auditory interaction in inattentional blindness
Date Issued
2007
Date
2007
Author(s)
You, Hao-Hsiang
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
Past studies have demonstrated visual-auditory interactions such as the McGurk effect (McGurk & MacDonald, 1976) and the sound-induced-flash illusion (Shams, Kamitani, & Shimojo, 2002). However, visual stimuli in these studies were well attended by the observers, and it remains unknown whether visual-auditory interactions also occur when the observers are unaware of the existence of the visual stimuli. We used the modified inattentional blindness paradigm of Moore and Egeth (1997) by adding a synchronous sound to examine whether sound can affect processing of unattended visual background. Experiment 1 used a texture segregation task in which the unattended background pattern was formed by texture segregation of different oriented Gabors to render the railroad track as in the Ponzo illusion. The participants were asked to judge the length of the two horizontal lines. Half of the trials were accompanied with a beep sound, and the other half were not. Results showed that in trials with beep sounds, the Ponzo illusion occurred; however, no Ponzo illusion was observed without beep sounds. In Experiments 2, 3, and 4, we tested 3 hypotheses about the mechanism and our results suggested that it was due to visual-auditory integration. Further, in Experiments 5 and 6, a response-end processing, accessory-stimulus Simon effect was examined, and we found that response-end processing also occurred in synchronous sound condition when observers were unattended to the accessory stimulus. These results suggest that adding a synchronous sound can speed up the low-level unattended visual processing (texture segregation) and make the high-level response-end processing (the Simon effect) possible. Thus, unattended visual-auditory integration can occur at different loci through the processing stream.
Subjects
視聽整合
注意力
不注意視盲典範
質地區隔
賽門效果
visual-auditory integration
attention
inattentional blindness paradigm
texture segregation
Simon effect
Type
other
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