Air Pollution and the Risk of Cardiac Defects
Journal
Medicine (United States)
Journal Volume
94
Journal Issue
44
Date Issued
2015
Author(s)
Abstract
Previous epidemiologic studies have assessed the role of the exposure to ambient air pollution in the development of cardiac birth defects, but they have provided somewhat inconsistent results. To assess the associations between exposure to ambient air pollutants and the risk of cardiac defects, a population-based case-control study was conducted using 1087 cases of cardiac defects and a random sample of 10,870 controls from 1,533,748 Taiwanese newborns in 2001 to 2007. Logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratios for 10 ppb increases in O 3 and 10 μg/m 3 increases in PM 10. In addition, we compared the risk of cardiac defects in 4 categories-high exposure (>75th percentile); medium exposure (75th to 50th percentile); low exposure (<50th-25th percentile); reference (<25th percentile) based on the distribution of each pollutant. The risks of ventricular septal defects (VSD), atrial septal defects (ASD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) were associated with 10 ppb increases in O 3 exposure during the first 3 gestational months among term and preterm babies. In comparison between high PM 10 exposure and reference category, there were statistically significant elevations in the effect estimates of ASD for all and terms births. In addition, there was a negative or weak association between SO 2, NO 2, CO, and cardiac defects. The study proved that exposure to outdoor air O 3 and PM 10 during the first trimester of gestation may increase the risk of VSD, ASD, and PDA. ? 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
SDGs
Other Subjects
carbon monoxide; fossil fuel; nitrogen dioxide; ozone; sulfur dioxide; air pollution; ambient air; aortopulmonary septal defect; Article; cardiovascular risk; congenital heart malformation; controlled study; endocardial cushion defect; environmental exposure; Fallot tetralogy; female; gestational age; great vessels transposition; heart atrium septum defect; heart right ventricle double outlet; heart ventricle septum defect; human; major clinical study; male; newborn; particle size; particulate matter; patent ductus arteriosus; population based case control study; prematurity; priority journal; pulmonary artery malformation; pulmonary valve disease; random sample; seasonal variation; Taiwanese; adult; adverse effects; air pollution; health survey; Heart Defects, Congenital; incidence; pregnancy; procedures; retrospective study; risk assessment; risk factor; Taiwan; young adult; Adult; Air Pollution; Female; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Incidence; Infant, Newborn; Male; Population Surveillance; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Taiwan; Young Adult
Type
journal article