https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/45131
標題: | 南灣海域松藻及海葵族群大量擴張的生態機制及珊瑚群聚復育的研究﹝3/3﹞ | 作者: | 戴昌鳳 | 關鍵字: | 族群爆發;松藻;結節海葵;珊瑚礁變遷;population outbreak;Codium;Condylactis;reef degradation | 公開日期: | 2004 | 出版社: | 臺北市:國立臺灣大學海洋研究所 | 摘要: | 本計畫針對南灣海域大量生長的松藻及海 葵探討其族群大量擴張的生態機制。經過 詳細的形態分析和細胞核染色分類研究, 我們鑑定了南灣海域的松藻共9 種,包括 一新種-南灣松藻(Codium nanwanensis);其 中最占優勢的食用松藻(Codium edule)經將 藻體打碎、收集類似配子囊構造進行培養 後,發現此一構造可在3-4 星期後生成囊 胞,而囊胞為松藻的主要結構,顯示該類 似配子囊的構造,可視為具有繁殖能力的 繁殖體(propagules),而此繁殖體極可能 是促成食用松藻季節性大量繁生的主要機 制。在海葵的族群生態研究方面,南灣海 域大量繁生的海葵經形態比較研究,鑑定 為新種- 南灣結節海葵(Condylactis nanwanensis)的分類研究,其形態與加勒比 海的巨大結節海葵(C. gigantea) 近似,推 測可能為外來種入侵所造成。我們分析了 南灣結節海葵的體型頻度分布, 結果顯示 其族群各月份都有小型個體 (<0.5 g wet wt) 加入族群中,而各種體型的海葵全年 都會進行分裂生殖,並以體型約 3-5.5 g 濕重的海葵個體行無性生殖的頻率較高 (> 5%);在歷次所採集的二千餘隻標本 中,僅發現雌性個體,未見雄性個體,顯 示此種海葵可能行孤雌生殖;顯示無性的 分裂生殖和單性的孤雌生殖是造成此海葵 大量增值的主要機制。 The population outbreaks macroalgae and sea anemones that causing the degradation of coral reefs in Nanwan Bay were studied. A detailed taxonomic study by morphological and karyological methods revealed 9 Codium species, including a new species C. nanwanensis. The results of culture of gametangium-like structures, named as the propagation buds, from C. edule showed that they have the potential to form new thalli and can be regarded as an effective reproductive structure. In the field, the abundance of both gametangia and propagation buds in the macrothalli of C. edule were the highest in the late period of its growing season in August. The propagation buds may serve as a persistent stage when the macrothalli disintegrate at the end of the growing season and act as a seed bank for vegetative reproduction of C. edule in the next season. Studies on the sea anemones from coral reefs of southern Taiwan revealed a new species, Condylactis nanwanensis. Most individuals of C. nanwanensis occur in dense aggregations on or below large living or dead branching corals, or in reef crevices. The species is similar to the Caribbean C. gigantea (Weinland, 1860) in number of tentacles and mesenteries, and features of the column, but differs in color, size, and cnidom. Based on the recency of its detection, its localized distribution, its high population density, its deleterious effect on the local fauna, and the fact that only females were found, the population is likely to be invasive, possibly introduced via the aquarium trade. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/14837 | 其他識別: | 922313B002068 | Rights: | 國立臺灣大學海洋研究所 |
顯示於: | 海洋研究所 |
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922313B002068.pdf | 58.55 kB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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