https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/4691
標題: | 中國中古時期國家祭祀中之宗教觀念 The Religious Concepts of the State Sacrifice in Medieval China |
作者: | 甘懷真 | 關鍵字: | 儒教國家;氣化宇宙觀;禮論;國家祭祀;巫教;淮南子;緯書;春秋繁露;宗教史;中國中古;Confucianism;cosmology of chi;li-hsueh;state sacrifice;shamanism;medieval China;religious concepts | 公開日期: | 31-七月-2002 | 出版社: | 臺北市:國立臺灣大學歷史學系暨研究所 | 摘要: | 本研究是探索漢唐間的國家祭祀制度 (以郊祀禮為主)所蘊涵的宗教概念,藉 以進一步探究所謂「儒教國家」。立基於 過去研究的繼承與批判上,本研究的主要 課題是儒教祭祀制度所蘊涵的宗教知識, 而此類宗教知識與儒家經典及儒家禮論的 關係。所謂宗教知識包括以下幾項。一是 儒家禮經中的「氣論宇宙觀」的萬事萬象 的分類概念,尤其是其「數」的觀念的發 展。二是以氣論宇宙觀為核心的儒教祭祀 中的時間觀念。三是以氣化宇宙觀為核心 的儒教祭祀中的空間觀念。由於此項課題 實為龐大,故我們限定在漢代,因為此時 是中國國家祭祀制度的奠定期。而集中分 析了《左傳》、《春秋繁露》、《淮南子》 與目前可見的當時的緯書。雖然此課題仍 須繼續展開,但我們已有初步結論。戰國 中期中國發生了一場知識的革命,由於天 文學、醫學的突破,中國的知識分子有了 更豐富的天與人的相關知識,也發展出時 間、空間與數的概念等。這些觀念被納入 戰國中期以來的「氣化宇宙觀」,於是有 了更完備的宇宙形成論。西漢時期,儒者 依據這套「氣化宇宙觀」建構了儒家的禮 論,再以這套禮論想摧毀古來的巫教信 仰,建構理想的儒教國家。 This project is an analysis of the religious concepts of the state sacrifices, such as sacrifice of ‘jiao’, in medieval China, for arguing the Confucianism as a religion. We focused on the basic religious knowledge adopted by the Confucian sacrifices, and how the Confucian li-hsueh (the system of knowledge through the study of ritual) articulated these knowledge. The present project aimed to answer these questions. First, We collected and analyzed the materials of Confucian li-hsueh to find out the basic concepts of the cosmology of chi (vital air), especially the concept of the number and quantity. Second, we studied the idea of time in the Confucian sacrifices, which was based on the cosmology of chi. Last, we illustrated the concepts of space expressed by the Confucian sacrifices. We confined our studies to the Han Dynasty, because the state sacrifices in pre-modern China was founded in this period. We focused on the analysis of some philosophical works, such as “Zuo-chuan”, “Chun-chiu-fan-lu”, “Huai-nan-tsu” and the collections of Wei-shu. Although no definitive conclusion could be achieved in this project, and many details should be figured out in future studies, I would like to raise some arguments to explore the new dimensions of the history of Chinese political thoughts. Because of the breakthrough happened in the field of knowledge, especially astronomy and medicine, the ancient Chinese intellectuals initiated a series of the new perception of the heaven and people, time and space, number and quantity. These ideas constructed the cosmology of chi, which got its form and system in the mid-Warring-age. This discourse of the genesis of the universe was generally accepted by scholars of different schools. In the Former-Han age, the Confucians constructed the li-hsueh according to the cosmology of chi. Through the political movement, the Confucian bureaucrats destroyed the cults of shamanism, building the ideal Confucian state. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/21253 | 其他識別: | 902411H002038 | Rights: | 國立臺灣大學歷史學系暨研究所 |
顯示於: | 歷史學系 |
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902411H002038.pdf | 381.78 kB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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