Diffuse midline glioma presenting with central sleep apnea and pulmonary hypertension in a 4-year-old patient: A case report
Journal
Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine
Journal Volume
17
Journal Issue
2
Date Issued
2021-02-01
Author(s)
Abstract
Central sleep apnea is a rare disorder in the pediatric population with various initial presentations and is secondary to many underlying diseases.We report on a 4-year-old boy with episodes of syncope. He also had pulmonary hypertension and cardiomegaly. Polysomnography showed the finding for central sleep apnea with a high apnea-hypopnea index (up to 138.1 events/h). Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed an ill-defined area near the medulla oblongata and lower pons. The lesion fromabrainstembiopsy confirmed the diagnosis of low-grade glioma. Conservativemedical follow-up was suggested, and brainmagnetic resonance imaging 6months later showed no obvious tumor progression. To our best knowledge, this is the first case report that workup on the cause of syncope and pulmonary hypertension led to the final diagnosis of central sleep apnea and a brain neoplasm.
Subjects
Apnea-hypopnea index | Brainstem glioma | Children | Loss of consciousness | Syncope
Apnea-hypopnea index; Brainstem glioma; Children; Loss of consciousness; Syncope
SDGs
Other Subjects
apnea hypopnea index; Article; asthma; bilevel positive airway pressure; brain biopsy; cardiomegaly; cardiothoracic ratio; case report; central sleep apnea syndrome; child; clinical article; computer assisted tomography; conservative treatment; convulsion; cyanosis; diffuse midline glioma; disease duration; echocardiography; faintness; febrile convulsion; follow up; gaze; glioma; headache; heart atrium enlargement; heart right ventricle hypertrophy; human; human tissue; hypoventilation; male; medical history; medulla oblongata; mouth to mouth ventilation; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; polysomnography; pons; preschool child; pressure gradient; pulmonary hypertension; pulmonary valve insufficiency; systolic blood pressure; thorax radiography; tricuspid valve regurgitation; trismus; tumor biopsy; tumor growth; brain stem; Brain Stem; Child; Child, Preschool; Glioma; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Male; Polysomnography; Sleep Apnea, Central
Type
journal article