獨立型移動式太陽能冰箱系統設計與控制研究

Abstract

本研究旨在開發一獨立型移動式太陽能冰箱，可獨立供電運轉，且方便移動及組裝，主要應用於山區的醫療用途，或軍事用途。在兼顧成本及負載停載風險雙重考慮下，由歷史氣象資料、負載平均耗電、太陽電池及蓄電池性能來模擬分析系統所需匹配，並設計製作出太陽能冰箱芻型機，芻型機可任意移動，組裝過程在10分鐘以內，並加設儲冰糟，增加系統續航力，壓縮機變頻控制器改變壓縮機的轉速，以控制冰箱箱內溫度，達到冰箱溫控目的。為了可以精確地控制箱內溫度，本研究先進行壓縮機冷凍循環系統識別，然後進行變頻控制系統設計分析與製作。本研究製作之系統控制器在戶外測試結果，可保護鉛酸蓄池不致過充或過放，並針對蓄電池過充電壓做溫度補償及殘電量量測，可控制冰箱箱內均溫在 ℃內，晴天下系統無停載風險，且陰天平均耗能在10W以下，當蓄電池電量有80%時，可達三天續航力。

The main purpose of the research presented is designing an Independent Mobile Solar Refrigerator, which can operate independently without other electric power, easier to move and combine. System sizing is determined with local weather data, characteristic of load operation, and the efficiency of solar cell and lead-acid battery. In the research, design and make a 60 liter prototype, the combining process only needed 10 minutes, and the controller can change compressor speed to control refrigerator temperature in 1℃. In the sunny day, there is no probability to loss load, and in the cloudy day, the average power consumption less than 10W. If the battery capacity is 80% , the compressor can operate about 3 cloudy days.