https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/625590
Title: | Learning the value of information and reward over time when solving exploration-exploitation problems | Authors: | Dezza I.C ANGELA YU-CHEN LIN Cleeremans A Alexander W. |
Issue Date: | 2017 | Journal Volume: | 7 | Journal Issue: | 1 | Source: | Scientific Reports | Abstract: | To flexibly adapt to the demands of their environment, animals are constantly exposed to the conflict resulting from having to choose between predictably rewarding familiar options (exploitation) and risky novel options, the value of which essentially consists of obtaining new information about the space of possible rewards (exploration). Despite extensive research, the mechanisms that subtend the manner in which animals solve this exploitation-exploration dilemma are still poorly understood. Here, we investigate human decision-making in a gambling task in which the informational value of each trial and the reward potential were separately manipulated. To better characterize the mechanisms that underlined the observed behavioural choices, we introduce a computational model that augments the standard reward-based reinforcement learning formulation by associating a value to information. We find that both reward and information gained during learning influence the balance between exploitation and exploration, and that this influence was dependent on the reward context. Our results shed light on the mechanisms that underpin decision-making under uncertainty, and suggest new approaches for investigating the exploration-exploitation dilemma throughout the animal kingdom. © 2017 The Author(s). |
URI: | https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85037144085&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-017-17237-w&partnerID=40&md5=61d95a2ce6638af5529187cf9ef8892d https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/625590 |
ISSN: | 20452322 | DOI: | 10.1038/s41598-017-17237-w | SDG/Keyword: | decision making; gambling; human; reinforcement; reward; uncertainty; adult; exploratory behavior; female; male; non-therapeutic research; problem solving; psychological model; reinforcement; Adult; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Gambling; Humans; Male; Models, Psychological; Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation; Problem Solving; Reinforcement (Psychology); Reward |
Appears in Collections: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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