Phenytoin Detection in Serum for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Using Piezoresistive Microcantilever Biosensor
Date Issued
2012
Date
2012
Author(s)
Pheanpanitporn, Yotsapoom
Abstract
Phenytoin is one of the most widely used antiepileptic drugs recently. Its function is to suppress the abnormal brain activity seen in seizure by diminishing electrical conductance. However, its therapeutic dosage range in a circulatory system is very narrow and hard to be controlled. Otherwise, adverse effects may occur if the treatment dosage is too high, or an ineffective treatment may happen if the dosage is too low. So, only appropriate dosage must be given to reach a sufficient remedy. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a crucial method to observe the concentration of phenytoin in blood vessel. With advances in micro-electromechanical system technology, a portable, sensitive and reliable piezoresistive-based microcantilever biosensor is fabricated and integrated with a microfluidic system for a label-free fluorescence detection.
In order to measure phenytoin in fetal bovine serum (FBS) which is complex body fluid environment, the isoelectric points (pI) of phenytoin antibody and drug were measured to determine the window of pH value of FBS. As a result, the pH 8.05 of 50% and 100% FBS were selected to detect 100 μg/ml phenytoin. The piezoresistive microcantilever biosensor was utilized by first immobilizing a self-assembly monolayer (SAM) and followed by phenytoin antibody. Next, the biosensor was approved to detect phenytoin drug with 10 μg/ml limit of detection under deionized water environment. The dissociation constant (KD) was 58 μg/ml and the detection linear range was between 10 – 75 μg/ml. The concentration sensitivity was 2.94 х 10-6 (μg/ml)-1. Then, 100μg/ml phenytoin drug was also detected in the 50% and 100% FBS with adjusted pH8.05. Besides, the piezoresistive microcantilever biosensor showed an outstanding experimental agreement with a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA).
Subjects
Antiepileptic drug
Phenytoin
Piezoresistive
Microcantilever
TDM
FBS
Type
thesis
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