行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告:防砂壩魚道佈置之研究(二)

Abstract

本研究在坡度5%，流量0.002∼ 0.063 cms 下，以接近原型之比例尺（長 7m，寬1m，隔板高0.4m），進行三種基本 型式魚道（池堰式、潛孔式、豎孔式）之 水工模型試驗，並以電磁式三維流速儀詳 細記錄流場及進行水理特性之探討。在瞭 解本土魚類習性資料之後，結合本研究之 成果，將可對本土魚類生存環境之維護有 更實際之幫助。 試驗結論得到，潛孔式魚道當隔板越 流後，除了有較低且穩定之潛孔流速外， 且多了一條通路，應為較佳之魚道設計情 形。潛孔式魚道（隔板越流前）與豎孔式 魚道環流作用較強，需特別注意魚類之適 用性。二種魚道易受尾水影響，設計時應 確實掌握魚道入口處水位條件，以免造成 二次阻礙。

This study, in association with 5% of slope and flow rates from 0.002 ∼0.063 cms, carried out the flume experiments for pool-weir, orifice and vertical slot fishways. In 7meter’s length, 1 meter’s width flume, the flow fields were investigated by threedimensional electromagnetic flow velocity instrument. After understanding the relative information about behavior of native fish, the results of this study would significantly help maintaining the living environment of local fish. The results showed that pool-weir type of fishway was a better design for having both of stable velocity and extra passage. And, the circulated current of both of pool-weir and vertical slot fishways were stronger so that the feasibility of these types of fishway should be concerned during the design stage. Moreover, because fishway was significantly affected by level of tail water, the level of entrance of fishway has to be heightened for decreasing passage obstructions.