https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/91740
標題: | 暖季草坪植物之耐寒性與耐寒指標之探討 | 作者: | 張育森 | 關鍵字: | 暖季草坪植物;冷害;耐寒指標;葉綠素螢光;電解質滲漏;chilling injury;chlorophyll fluorescence;electrolyte leakage;screening criterion for chilling tolerance;warm-season turfgrass | 公開日期: | 2002 | 出版社: | 臺北市:國立臺灣大學園藝學系暨研究所 | 摘要: | 草坪植物是台灣公園綠地常用的地被 植物,目前台灣平地以種植暖季草種為 主,而當冬季寒流來襲,常造成草坪生理 及形態上不良的影響。本研究目的為耐寒 性草種之選拔、耐寒性指標之評估。耐寒 性之研究方面,依草種於低溫(15/13℃) 下與高溫(30/25℃)下之相對生長量(%) 為耐寒標準,以日本芝草、小葉百喜草耐 寒性較佳,地毯草最差。在耐寒性指標之 評估方面,測定參試草種PSII 光化學效率 (Fv/Fm)的變化,以假儉草降低及回復的 速度較其它草種快,其次為日本芝草、類 地毯草、小葉百喜草,以地毯草低溫第8 天才降到最低點,且降幅最大。在電解質 滲漏率方面,依最高點比較之,以地毯草 最高,其次為類地毯草、普通百慕達草、 改良型百慕達草 ‘Sahara’、日本芝草、假 儉草,而以小葉百喜草電解質滲漏率最 低。低溫下除假儉草在初期CMR 不降反升 外,其餘草種有初期下降而後期上升的趨 勢。耐寒性指標方面,以低溫第8 天所測 之相對Fv/Fm (%)與相對生長速率(%) 呈顯著正相關,相關係數( r )為0.92***, 其次以所測之相對電解質滲漏率(%)與 相對生長速率(%)呈顯著負相關,r 為 -0.86***;以所測之相對CMR(%)與相 對生長速率(%)亦呈顯著相關性,r 為 0.80***。結果顯示此三者皆為合理、可靠 之耐寒性指標,其中以葉綠素螢光相關性 最高,其次為電解質滲漏率,最後為CMR。 Warm-season turfgrasses is the common groundcovers of the parks in Taiwan. Low temperatures in winter usually have harmful effects on physiological and morphological growth of warm-season turfgrasses. The objectives of this study were to investigate the chilling tolerance and the screening criterion for chilling tolerance of warm-season turfgrasses. When comparing the relative growth rate (growth rate in low temperature 15/13 ℃ /growth rate in high temperature 30/25 ℃ ) of tested grasses, zoysiagrass and bahiagrass ‘A33’ were more tolerant to low temperatures, and tropical carpetgrass was the most sensitive one. In addition, the values of chlorophyll fluorescence, electrolyte leakage, and chlorophyll meter reading (CMR) were measured for evaluating the index of chilling tolerance. On the measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), the results indicated that centipedegrass under low temperatures decreased least and recovered faster than other tested grasses, followed by zoysiagrass, carpetgrass, and bahiagrass. The Fv/Fm values of tropical carpetgrass under low temperatures decreased gradually and went down to the lowest level. The electrolyte leakage (%) of tropical carpetgrass under low temperatures was the highest, followed by that of carpetgrass, common bermudagrass, improved bermudagrass, zoysiagrass and centipedegrass, and that of bahiagrass was the lowest. In general, the CMR values of tested turfgrasses except centipedegrass under low temperature decreased in the beginning and then increased later. There was a significant positive correlations between the relative growth rate and the relative Fv/Fm ratio which measured at the 8th day after chilling treatment, and the r was 0.92***. There were significant correlations between the relative growth rate with the relative electrolyte leakage (%)and the relative CMR values(%), the r were -0.86*** and 0.80*** respectively. The results showed that chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), electrolyte leakage, and CMR can be reliable tool to predict the growth rate of warm-season turfgrasses under low temperature. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/18226 | 其他識別: | 902313B002292 | Rights: | 國立臺灣大學園藝學系暨研究所 |
顯示於: | 園藝暨景觀學系 |
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