台灣—捷克衛生害蟲生殖調控機制合作計劃：德國蜚蠊雄性生殖副腺對雌成蟲繁殖及活動行為日週律動的影響(1/3)

Abstract

德國蜚蠊（Blattella germanica）為世界性分布之衛生害蟲，目前仍困擾著世界 各地人類的生活。一般認為昆蟲之雄性生殖副腺分泌物與精包的合成有關，而雌性 副腺則可能與卵鞘的形成及抗菌蛋白之分泌等有關。因此，如能對德國蜚蠊之副腺 進行深入研究，則有利於對生殖系統之掌控，而有助於防治研究工作之進展。本計 畫先針對雌雄副腺之外部形態做觀察及描述，並進行蛋白質分析。性成熟雄蟲副腺 之外部形態可分為Uricose glands（UG）;Utricles（U）及Conglobate gland（C）三 部分，UG 為具有五個分支的管狀構造，末端匯集成同一開口與Ejaculatory pouch （EP）相連，內含有白色不透明分泌物。U 分為12 種透明管狀構造，開口位於EP， CG 則為一長管折疊成球狀構造，開口於Ejaculatory duct。蛋白質分析發現雄成蟲除 Testis 外，UG;U;CG;EP 及Seminal vesicles（SV）內的分泌物隨日齡逐漸累積 增多，約至第5 日齡時達到最高量。雌蟲副腺的發育速度則與卵巢之發育一致。關 於德國蜚蠊之副腺蛋白研究，目前發現雄成蟲的睪丸內含有與Acp70A 相似之蛋白 質。

The German cockroach is a cosmopolitan household species, which is closely associated with our daily life. In this project, we investigate the function of accessory glands on reproductive performances and locomotor circadian rhythm of the German cockroach. The basic function of the accessory glands of male insects is to provide materials for the production of the spermatophore. In females, the accessory glands are important in the formation of ootheca and secretion of antibacterial proteins. Therefore, it is of great importance to study the accessory glands for understanding the mating system of the pest and consequently making contribution to further development of pest control. Firstly, we will observe and describe the morphology of the accessory glands for both sexes of the German cockroach. The relationships between accessory gland secretion and ootheca formation, egg number, survivorship of offspring and endocrine secretion (e.g. JH, ecdysone) for females, and spermatophore formation, time of copulation and survivorship of offspring for males will be examined. The daily secretion rhythm of the accessory glands will be investigated to reveal its circadian rhythm. In addition, the effects of male accessory gland secretion on female reproductive performances (e.g. re-mating rate, egg number, survivorship of offspring) and competition with other males’ sperms will be our focal point of research. In the last year of this project, we will conduct the bioassay for specific proteins of the accessory glands, including antibacterial analysis, reproductive performances and the effects on locomotor circadian rhythm of females. We will also purify the proteins and then, analyze and sequence the amino acids. Using the antibody of specific protein, we will be able to trace the localization of the specific protein during and after the process of copulation. We expect to understand more about the mating system of the German cockroach through the proposed studies. Furthermore, the effects of accessory glands from both male and female on reproductive performances and locomotor circadian rhythm will be elucidated.